Fragment velocity

Initial Fragment Velocity for Ideal-Gas-Filled Vessels... 

A theoretical upper limit of initial fragment velocity can be calculated if it is assumed that the total internal energy E of the vessel contents is translated into... 

Baker et al. (1975) compare computer-code predictions of fragment velocity from spheres bursting into a large number of pieces and with some experimental... 

Figure 6.33. Fragment velocity versus scaled pressure. spheres according to...

The results of a parameter study were used to compose a diagram (Figure 6.33) which can be used to determine initial fragment velocity (Baker et al. 1978a and 1983). 

Initial Fragment Velocity for Vessel Filled with Nonideal Gases... 

For a maximum value for the scaled pressure p = 0.1, a reduction in Vj of 10% was calculated when the co-volume parameter was applied to a sphere breaking in half. In general, fragment velocity is lower than that calculated in the ideal-gas case. Baum (1987) recommends that energy E be determined from thermodynamic data (see Section 6.3.2.3) for the gas in question. 

Figure 6.35. Calculated fragment velocities for a gas-filled sphere with -y = 1.4 (taken from...

The fraction of explosion energy which contributes to fragment generation is unclear. Its effect on initial fragment velocity deserves more attention in relation... 

Baum, M. R. 1987. Disruptive failure of pressure vessels preliminary design guide lines for fragment velocity and the extent of the hazard zone. In Advances in Impact, Blast Ballistics, arui Dynamic Analysis of Structures. ASME PVP. 124. New York ASME. 

Bessey, R. L. 1974. Fragment velocities from exploding liquid propellant tanks. Shock Vibrat. Bull. 44. 

This equation is well known and often used to calculate initial fragment velocity, but its application can result in gross overestimation. Assuming adiabatic expansion of the ideal gas, it can be derived that ... 

As a vessel ruptures, its fragments accelerate rapidly to a maximum velocity. This value is the initial fragment velocity Vj. It is used to calculate either the range of fragment travel or, if collision with an obstacle occurs before maximum range is attained, impact velocity. 

Then the mean initial fragment velocity will be ... 

Uses. Minols have historically been used in four types of ordnance, a) underwater (mines, torpedoes and depth charges) where the confinement of water offsets some of the loss of detonation velocity, b) blockbuster bombs in which a sustained and powerful impulse is more destructive than a high peak press, c) concrete fragmentation bombs where the high impulse will impart a satisfactory fragment velocity but will not pulverize the concrete they contact on impact, and d) in general purpose (GP) bombs... 

Biddleman, Measurements of Fragment Velocity of 4000 lb L.C. Bombs and 1800kg S.C. German Bombs , BRL-MR-390 (August 1945) 44) Anon, Bombs H.C. 4000 lb Blast Performance of Minol 2 with A1 of Grist 36/Dust , ARDE Report 91/45 (Sept 1945) 45) Anon,... 

Jr, C.W. Plummer, R.P. Woodburn V. Philip-chuk, Detonation Velocity Determinations and Fragment Velocity Determinations of Varied Explosive Systems and Conditions , National Northern Corp Final Summary Report NNC-F-13, Contract DAI-19-020-50l-ORD-(P>58 (Feb 1958) 12) Anon, EngDesHdbk, Explosives Series, Properties of Explosives of Military Interest , AMCP 706-177 (Jan 1971), 213-225... 

Shaped Charge Penetration Plate Acceleration Fragment Velocity... 

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