Testicular lesions

Somkuti SG, Lapadula DM, Chapin RE, et al. 1987b. Time course of the tri-o-cresyl phosphate-induced testicular lesion in F-344 rats Enzymatic, hormonal, and sperm parameter studies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 89 64-72. 

No information exists on reproductive effects in humans or animals after oral exposure. Based on the inhalation studies in animals which indicate the testes are a target tissue, it would be valuable to include histological examination of the testes in any intermediate- or chronic-duration oral studies in animals. In addition, tests of male reproductive success would be valuable in assessing the functional significance of any testicular lesions. 

Adverse reproductive effects are supported by animal studies. However, in some of the oral and inhalation studies in animals, chemical toxicity and/or neoplasia made it difficult to ascribe testicular lesions to direct toxicity. In other studies, antispermatogenic effects of 1,2-dibromoethane were documented directly in bovines exposed via feed these effects were reversible after chemical withdrawal (Amir and Ben-David 1973 Amir and Volcani 1965). Effects were more severe in adult bulls compared to young bulls (Amir 1975). 

Marked differences in species susceptibility to 7 -DNB have also been observed." Hamsters showed no testicular lesions at dose levels up to 50mg/kg, whereas damage to rat testicular tubules was readily apparent at 25mg/kg. Similarly, -DNB induced substantially less methemoglobin in the hamster than in the rat (15% vs. 80% at 25 mg/kg dose). 

Nonneoplastic effects in rodents from chronic exposure included methemoglobinemia, anemia, lesions of the olfactory epithelium, and, in the CD males, an increased incidence of testicular atrophy. Degenerative testicular lesions have also occurred in rats exposed to single oral doses of 50M-50mg/kg. Male rats repeatedly administered up to 100 mg/kg body weight by gavage daily showed atrophy of the seminiferous tubules of the testis, but male fertility was not affected. "... 

Ribavirin aerosol is not indicated for use in adults. Health care providers and patients should be aware that ribavirin has been shown to produce testicular lesions in rodents and to be teratogenic in all animal species in which adequate studies have been conducted (rodents and rabbits). 

Aerosol - Doses administered to mice between 35 and 150 mg/kg/day resulted in significant seminiferous tubule atrophy, decreased sperm concentrations, and increased numbers of sperm with abnormal morphology. Partial recovery of sperm production was apparent 3 to 6 months following dose cessation. Testicular lesions (tubular atrophy) in adult rats at oral dose levels as low as 16 mg/kg/day was shown. 

Testicular degeneration was observed in rats and mice exposed to nickel sulfate ( 1.6 mg nickel/m ) and nickel subsulfide ( 1.8 mg nickel/m for rats and 3.6 mg nickelM for mice) 6 hours/day for 12 days over a 16-day period (Benson et al. 1987, 1988). The study authors indicated that testicular lesions were probably the result of emaciation rather than a direct effect of nickel (Benson et al. 1987). That testicular effects are secondary to generalized emaciation is supported by intermediate-duration studies. At doses that did not cause emaciation, no exposure-related effects were seen in sperm motility, or... 

Testicular lesions after 7 days, atrophy after 28 days (29) no return of spermatogenesis after resumption of normal diet for as long as 32 weeks (30)... 

Rat (Wistar) 126 wk (H 339 M 1060 M (testicular lesions, reduced pre- and postnatal survival, altered sexual differentiation in male offspring) Schilling etal. 1999... 

J.A. Bond, et al., Induction of hepatic and testicular lesions in Fischer 344 rats by single oral doses of nitrobenzene. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1 389-394, 1981. 

Tumors were formed in the lung, thorax, respiratory tract, and liver in mice study after 2 year oral administration with high dosages. Low chronic doses of ethionine exposure result in irreversible testicular lesions in rats. 

Bond JA, Chism JP, Rickert DE, et al. 1981. Nitrobenzene-induced hepatic and testicular lesions in Fischer-344 rats following oral administration [Abstract], Pharmacologist 23 213. 

Rehm, S. 2000. Spontaneous testicular lesions in purpose bred beagle dogs. Toxicologic Pathology 28 782-787. 

PEiosalone 0.2 1,8 100 Plasma, RBC ChEE decreased testicular v.eight testicular lesions Rat Chron ic/c anei noge n ie ity 0.002... 

Takizawa, T., K. Mitsumori, H. Takagi, et al. 2004. Sequential analysis of testicular lesions and serum hormone levels in rats treated with a Psoralea corylifolia extract. Food Chem. Toxicol. 42(l) l-7. 

Landing BH, Goldin A, Noe HA (1949a) Testicular lesions in mice following parenteral administration of nitrogen mustard. Cancer (Phila) 2 1075-1082. 

Trentini GP, Botticelli A, Barbolini G (1974) Testicular lesions in rats created for one year with ethambutol in low doses. Virchows Arch [Pathol Anat] 362 311 Tykal P, Wilms H (1972) Anaphylaktischer Schock nach oraler Gabe von Nitrofurantoin und Nachweis von Reaginen durch heterologen Intrakutan-Test (Prausnitz-Kiistner). DMW 97 256... 

In rodents, HBCD exposure induces testicular lesions, reduced sperm count and sperm abnormalities, reduced ovarian follicles, and increased mortality of rat pups (van der Ven et al. 2009 Ema et al. 2007). Recent data (Fa et al. 2013) indicate that HBCD may exert sustained effects on cultured Leydig cells (Leydig cells are interstitial cells that produce testosterone). 

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