Paper-based operations documentation

Replace paper with a different medium, e.g., computers, which is what people typically have in mind when talking paperless. The immediate example is simply to transfer procedures and documents in a paper-based operation into screens and reports in a computer system, but it can also be the replacement of some procedures and instructions by drawings, video clips and other electronic media which replace the paper. 

When dealing with paperless operations, there are several issues that are self-evident in the paper-based world but must be dealt with specifically to ensure the control of documents in the electronic world. When implementing a paperless operation, these issues must be carefully evaluated and resolved, preferably with a standard solution aaoss an operation or whole company. It... 

The actual path that various documents must follow in the organization may or may not be fixed in a paperless operation, but it must be decided whether workflow automation is within the scope and, if so, how it should be implemented. Again, it is different from the paper-based world in that such definitions will not just be for specific persons or specific documents but on the roles of the persons and on the categories of documents. Possible workflow paths for the various document types and document phases will also need to be decided. Paperless operation may be achieved without tying electronic documents and their management to a workflow. When doing this, it is important to retain flexibility. 

Links to information are provided (equipment integrity and safety information) are provided. The h5 perlink will take the operator to relevant documents such as engineering data sheets or MSDS. With a paper-based system the practical difficulties of finding such information means that the operator is less likely to make the effort to go look for it... 

American Petroleum Institute, Risk based inspection — base resource document, API Recommended Practice 581, First Edition, 2000 American Petroleum Institute, Steels for hydrogen service at elevated temperatures and pressures in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants, American National Standard/ API Recommended Practice 941, Sixth Edition, 2004 Barrien, P., Optimising refinery dependability and turnaround costs by application of a risk based inspection programme . Paper 588, Corrosion 98 NACE, 1998 Barrien, P, Jarvis, P, Townsend, R.D., Risk based inspection and maintenance optimisation of high temperature plant , Conf. Operating Pressure Equipment, Brisbane, Australia, 7-11 April 1997... 

Second, the advanced control room uses CBPs instead of paper document procedures. In the conventional MCR, SS conducts procedures while providing order and confirmation to BO with Paper Based Procedures (PBPs). On the other hand, in the advanced MCR, SS can confirm the necessary operation information through the LDP and his own monitor while conducting CBPs. Of course, SS instructs relevant operators to operate the instruments and equipment. It is a big difference that SS must operate for a conduction of procedures the system called CBPs in the advanced control room. 

There has been significant effort expended in trying to relate the genetic code to the simpler conditions of color blindness. However, the papers reviewed below have consistently taken a very elementary view of the operation of the visual system. They have assumed that all failures related to abnormal color vision are based on the chemistry of the chromophores. Section 18.1 provides a more comprehensive description of the types and potential sources of such failures. Section 18.1.5.6.4 documents the very important work of Lakowski. Lakowski documents the variety of failures that can occur within the neurological portion of the visual system. 

Besides excellent print quality there are other demands placed on the ink. It must provide reliable operation of the device and a durable image. By this it is meant that the image does not fade rapidly, that it is mechanically sound, that it cannot be easily removed from the paper, and that it is impervious to liquids. For liquid ink, this is a challenge since solvent-based color highlighter pens are commonly used to mark up printed documents. These solvents can cause the ink to smear depending on the choice of ink chemistry and the manner in which the colorants are fixed to the substrate. These issues focus on colorant chemistry, and much research is applied to this problem. There are fade-proof dyes, but many are either incompatible with the ink vehicle, typically water, or are toxic or mutagenic. 

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