Oils oxidized

In oxidizing, oil becomes thicker and it deposits carbon and gummy, resinous substances. These accumulate in the piston-ring grooves of reciprocating compressors and in the slots of vane-type units, and as a result, they restrict free movement of components and allow air leakage to develop. The deposits also settle in and around the valves of piston-type compressors, and prevent proper sealing. 

The elemental compositions of the oxidized oil sands produced from our calorimetric experiments at 285°C have been determined. 

The results of ashing ejqperiments on the samples from wet oxidation experiments conducted at 285°C are contained in Table X. The loading factors of the oxidized oil samples are dramatically reduced compared to those for samples oxidized at 225°C (see Table VI). The amount of residual coke per gram of bitumen available in each sample can also be seen to have undergone a dramatic reduction as have the estimates of cox(s)> the amount of available carbon converted to coke, compared to the lower temperature wet oxidation s tudy. 

Castor Oil, Oxidized, Heating of castor oils in intimate contact with air or oxygen at temps of 80 to 130°, with or wo a catalyst, produce oils of high viscosity and higher d, than untreated castor oils. The oxidized oils, known also as "blown oils are used as plasticizers in lacquers, artificial leathers, oil cloths and similar products (Ref 5,p 241). It was claimed by Nakamura (AddnlRef d) that a small quantity of peroxide was formed when castor oil was treated with air at ca 155°. Mondain-Monval Marteau(Addnl Ref e) claimed that direct oxidation of castor oil (as well as of some other vegetable oils) by air in a heated glass tube also produced peroxides Refs l)Daniel(1902), 472 2)Thorpe 2(1938), 420-22 3)CondChemDict(1942), 288(Cheddites) 4)Davis( 1943), 258, 269, 358-60 365 5)Kirk Othmer 3(1949), 237-44 6)Izzo, Pirotecnia(1950), 226-7 239 7)Kirk Othmer 11(1953), 323 8) Sax(1957), 444(Toxicity fire hazard of castor oil) 9)CondChemDict(1961), 229 10)US... 

In the scientific literature, extinction values are often used as a measure for the CDs and CTs in oxidized oil samples (Ong, 1980 Brown and Snyder, 1982 Wanasundara and Shahidi, 1994a). 

Fujimoto, K. Lipid oxidation and oxidized oil stain of aquatic products. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1970, 36,... 

Analytical applications of the malonaldehyde and Maillard fluorescent product formation to assessment of abuse status of oxidizing oils, relative effectiveness of antioxidants, and sugar-amine browning potential are available. 

Turbine oxidation oil stability test, or TOST. This a measure of an oil resistance to test oxidation in hours. 

Flexible plastics and rubbers can, as a matter of fact, only be treated with rubber-elastic lacquers, mainly on the basis of polyurethane, which, moreover, should be resistant to oxidation, oils, fuel and UV light. Besides, polyurethane lacquers are often used for several other plastics, such as PVC, polyamides, ABS and glass-fibre reinforced resins. 

Perfluoroelastomers (FFKM), such as KALREZ, are particularly suited for extreme service conditions. They are resistant to more than 1,500 chemical substances, including ethers, ketones, esters, aromatic and chlorinated solvents, oxidizers, oils, fuels, acids, and alkali and are capable of service at temperatures up to 316°C (600°F).55 Because of the retention of resilience, low compression set, and good creep resistance, they perform extremely well as static or dynamic seals under conditions where other materials, such as metals, FKM, PIPE and other elastomers, fail. Parts from FFKM have very low outgassing characteristics and can be made from formulations, which comply with FDA regulations.56 Primary areas of application of perfluoroelastomers are paint and coating operations, oil and gas recovery,... 

Pungent, musty odors Rio, medicinal, phenolic, or iodine-like flavor Musty cork flavor Iodoform taint Oxidized oil, waxy, rubbery... 

TABLE 3. A Partial List of Terms Used to Describe Oxidized Oil. 

Oxidized General term used to describe aromatics characteristic of oxidized oils from slight to intense i.e. from buttery to painty. Not recommended as a descriptor. ... 

Rancid Aromatic characteristic of oxidized oil. Safflower or sunflower oil with a peroxide value >5... 

Carbonyl compounds in oxidized fats and oils are the secondary oxidation products that originate from decomposition of hydroperoxides. They usually have low threshold values and hence are responsible for off-flavor development in oxidized oils. Therefore, content of carbonyl compounds corresponds with sensory data. 

These are composed of sterols, hydrocarbons, glyceryl ethers, and fatty alcohols. There may also be traces of pigments, vitamins, and oxidized oil. Unsaponifiables vary with the species of fish. 

When a cooking oil oxidizes, polymers are formed that cause the oil to foam. In addition, the viscosity of the oxidized oil increases, making the cooked food look oily as a result of retention of a higher amount of oil on the surface of the food. Many methods have been proposed for the determination of polymers in the oil (71-74). 

Figure 6. Stability tests (aeration at 110° C) of (A) hydrogenated peanut oil after oxidation to near rancidity, (B) oxidized oil alter steam deodorization, and (C) hydrogenated peanut oil. (Arrows indicate points of organoleptic rancidity.)...

The free radicals may also undergo chain cleavage reactions. Low molecular weight by-products, such as water, carbon dioxide, aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols may be formed, which cause the odor and taste of the oils. The strong odor of rancid soybean oil was shown to be caused by 2-pentylfuran found in oxidized oil in storage (23). 

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