New Oxidation Technologies Oxidative Desulfurization ODS of Gas Oil

Therefore, the incorporation of other elements in the rutile lattice may substantially improve the performance of Vantimonate [43f]. This is also the case for Al3 +, 

Ti4 + and W4 + [43d,e]. A yield to acrylonitrile of almost 40% has been reported for an Al/Sb/V/W/O catalyst [25]. It was demonstrated that, if compared with the pure rutile V/Sb/O phase, the better catalytic properties of (Al,V)Sb04 and of guasi-Sb(V, W)04 can be rationalized in terms of the site-isolation theory. According to this theory, which was originally formulated by Callahan and Grasselli [50], a catalyst selective for partial oxidation can be developed by creating structural isolation ofthe active site. 

Selective adsorption, that is, sulfur removal by selective interaction between compounds and transition metal based adsorbents. 

Oxidation and extraction, that is, liquid-phase oxidation with organic peroxides followed by separation of the oxidized sulfur (oxidative desulfurization, ODS) [51-58]. 

S oxidation Liquid-liquid extraction Stripper Solvent 

Various Keggin-type polyoxometalates (POMs) were tested as catalysts for the ODS of gas oil with t-butyl hydroperoxide. Alumina-supported phosphomolybdic acid (H3PM012O40) proved to be quite active, yielding sulfur conversion higher than 

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