Organization and administration

The objective of the review of organization and administration is to determine whether the organization and administration are adequate for the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. 

Procedures should be comprehensive, validated, formally approved and subject to rigorous change control. In addition, they should be unambiguous and relevant to the actual plant (with modifications taken into account), and should reflect current practice and due consideration of human factor aspects (for example, it should be considered whether the procedures are user friendly). The review should focus on those procedures that are of high safety significance it should not entail a technical review of all procedures. (The safety significance can be determined from a deterministic safety analysis and a PSA.) The system for the development and control of procedures should be reviewed. (As far as possible, staff should participate in the development of the procedures that they use.) The review of this safety factor should include  

The IAEA Safety Requirements publication on Operation [2] establishes the requirements for operating procedures and associated Safety Guides [22-24, 26,30] provide relevant recommendations and guidance. 

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EH. Zomig, ibid, 19-22 (1926) (Organization and administration of development work at Picatinny Arsenal) 5) J.P. Harris, ibid, 40-48 (1926) (Loading ammunition at Picatinny Arsenal) 6) CJ, Bain, ibid. 49-52 (1926) (High explosives at picatiiny Arsenal) 7) F. Olsen, ibid, 53—57 (1926) (The relation of Picatinny Arsenal to field service) 8) W.H. Tschap pat, ibid, 131—34 (1926) (The Lake Denmark explosion its effect on Picatinny Arsenal)... 

Table 2.8. Typical issues addressed when designing a clinical trial protocol. The trial objectives should clearly define what questions the trial should answer. The study design section should contain comprehensive information detailing trial size, criteria used to choose the study population, and enrolment procedures. Description of intervention section should give the background to the intervention itself, its therapeutic rationale and how it is to be administered. Measurement of response should detail the data to be collected, how it will be collected and analysed. The organization and administration section should give full details of all the investigators, where the trial is being run, and its project management details...

The implementer The practical organizer and administrator who turns ideas into timetables for action... 

A. Organization and administration 1. Statement of policy, No statement of responsibilities loss control policy,... 

It is wise to keep the organization and administration of documentation as simple as can be conceived. Complex systems are much harder to manage successfully. Centralized vs. distributed administration of documentation has advantages and disadvantages. Centrahzed administration offers economies of scale and easier control of master documents, as the latter are held in one location. Distribnted administration meanwhile offers more ownership because it is closer to its users and it is easier to plan for bnsier periods. Most organizations tend to centralize administration on a site basis, bnt either approach can be adopted as long as it is controlled. In theory, the best... 

In addition to the undergraduate courses, instruction in the graduate library schools aims to prepare librarians for positions involving professional leadership and administrative capacity. Instruction is provided in the general areas of library materials, organization, and administration with opportunities for specialized study of various types of services and of subjects related to individual interests. 

Additional references of interest are A Ten Year Summary of APIRP 45, by Boord (15) J and a recent revision of this summary entitled Fourteen Years of Hydrocarbon Research, which covers the project to July 1, 1952, from the point of view of organization and administration (15). 

DOE Order 5480.19, Conduct of Operations (COO) (DOE 1990), requires that the line organization responsible for operations at nuclear facilities have an Organization and Administration document that clearly describes job responsibilities, resources, and support infrastructure. The COO order also requires written procedures for critical operations, configuration control for the facility safety equipment, and formal processes for inspection of equipment, operations, and procedure improvement. The order further specifies that records of operations and maintenance be made and maintained and that managers assess operations and identify problems and correct them in a timely manner. 

Certain parts of a PSR should be carried out by external consultants so as to ensure objectivity. An example of this is the review of the safety factors of organization and administration and human factors. While the primary responsibility for carrying out the review rests with the operating organization, an independent review should be conducted to provide the necessary objectivity. 

Memo, Lt Col John McA. Palmer, C Opns Sec, Hq AEF, for CofS AEF, 30 July 17, sub Gas and Flame Serv, Offensive and Defensive. Copy of this memo appears as Appendix II in History of Chemical Warfare Service, American Expeditionary Forces, a seventy-one-page detailed account of organization and administration, together with sixty-live supporting appendixes, which is apparently the official history written shortly after World War I. H-12 and H-13. This is hereafter cited as History of CWS, AEF. 

This is the first of three volumes devoted to the aaivities of the Chemical Warfare Service in World War II. Part One of the present volume traces the organization and administration of the Chemical Warfare Service from its origins in World War I up through World War II. Part Two deals with training of military personnel for offensive and defensive chemical warfare in the same period. 

In fact, there is wide variation in the points of emphasis of the various standardized auditing systems. Kuusisto divides the areas of inquiry into four broad categories policy, organization, and administration hazard control and risk analysis motivation, leadership, and training and monitoring, statistics, and reporting. Which components are emphasized in the final score depends on the system. Kuusisto describes the differing emphases of three systems in Table 7.2. 

Richard O. Niehoff, "Organization and Administration of the United States Atomic Energy Commission," Public Administration Review 8 (Spring 1948), 91-102. 

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