Vertical organisations

In a sense, the mechanical probing of DNA molecules is a form of nanofabrication, albeit organised vertically and often reversibly. In a more invasive... 

ISO 6940/6941 International Standards Organisation Vertically held specimens, determination of the ease of ignition/the flame spread properties. 

Solv=MeOH, EtOH and PrOH), and l,4-bis(4-pyridyl-butadiyne) (bpb, n= 0.5, Solv=MeOH). Like the btr derivative, compressed [FeN6] pseudo-octahedral sites define the knots of the square- or rhombus-shaped windows, which constitute the layered grid structure of the three compounds. Stacking of these layers in the crystal defines their most important structural differences, which are determined by the ligand size and crystal packing efficiency. In principle, the 2D grids are organised in a fashion similar to that described for the [Fe(btr)2(NCX)2]-H20 system the parallel layers are alternated so that the iron atoms of one layer lie vertically above and below the centres of the squares formed by the iron atoms of the adjacent layers. 

For in vitro testing the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) approved in 2004 test guideline 428 [37], which currently advocates the use of human, rat, and pig skin to measure cutaneous absorption by a vertical diffusion system (Franz cell). Dmg concentrations are followed in an acceptor fluid separated by the skin from the donor vehicle, which is applied to the external surface of the skin. Instead of human or animal skin, human skin models could be used as soon as the equivalence of their results are proven. Comparative studies indicate a correlation of penetration data in vitro and in humans [38]. 

For the purpose of exemplifying the method involved, a vertical slice through the organisation in the process development department of a fine chemicals manufacturing company will be taken. The actual process is very detailed and for reasons of brevity, only an outline is given here rather than the full details. 

Polymer brushes the organised growth of polymers from sites on the surface of a substrate may lead to very good vertical transport due to structured vertical alignment of the polymer chains. This is discussed further in Section 7.6.4. 

Campoy-QnUes M., Ferenczi T., Agostinelli T., Etchegoin P., Kim Y., Anthopoulous T., Stavrinon P. N., Bradley D. D. C. and Nelson J. (2007), Self-organisation and lateral and vertical diffnsion in polymer fullerene blends from fabrication protocols to molecnlar dynamics , in preparation. 

Sasol s operations centre on two vertically integrated sites in South Africa. The group is organised in seven business units ... 

Some of these products can be part of vertical integration in the organisation, e.g. bamboo pulp rayon fibre blended cloth dress materials. 

Spread of flame/LIFT (IMO FTP Code, Part 5 and ISO 5658-2) [International Maritime Organisation, Fire Test Procedures, test for surface flammability, 1998 and Lateral surface spread of flame on building products with specimen in vertical configuration, 1995]... 

In 1993, calculations with FLOW3D were also started to be included in the validation procedure. Recent work performed for a benchmark exercise, organised by the lAHR Working Group on Advanced Nuclear Reactors Thermal Hydraulics, concerns the numerical simulation of vertical buoyant jets. 

Role and function of management difference between role and function organisational control systems vertical/lateral managements effect of payment and reward systems interaction of health and safety goals with other management goals. 

The nature of coUahoration with partners is a parameter that determines supply chain maturity level. Most of the researched organisations (74%) had already consolidated their suppliers and were initiating closer collaboration with selected partners. This collaboration pertained in particular to suppliers. The still low application of SCM among the analysed companies is confirmed by the limited scale of close collaboration based on strategic alliances (4% of respondents). Vertical alliances with suppliers or purchasers were the most popular (80% of all initiatives), while horizontal alliances with direct competitors were rare (only... 

One of the organizational issues in chains and networks of particular importance in the agrifood industry is how (small) primary producers are organised in a horizontal way to strengthen their position in vertical relationships. Producers often have established collective organizations, to benefit from bargaining power, risk sharing and/or economies of scale. These so-called... 

Good communications horizontally and vertically in an organisation with an emphasis on sharing experiences, perceptions and especially an ability to share and learn from incidents. 

Permin, D. J., H. Jensen, J. E. Moser, and H. H. Girault, Organisation and reactivity of nanoparticles at molecular interfaces. Part It. Dye sensitisation of Ti02 nanoparticles assembled at the water vertical bar 1,2-dichloroethane interface, Chemphyschem, Vol. 4, (2003) p. 85. 

Communication will be effective horizontally across an organisation and vertically both up and down lines of responsibility. 

Look at a vertical slice where the arrangements to control a specific hazard, as in the case of fire, are audited in terms of the policy, organisation, planning and implementing, measurement and review processes in relation to fire safety management. 

As with many other areas of performance in organisations, there must be communication both vertically and laterally. The Board should set the objectives and standards which are both meaningful and measurable. They must communicate these objectives and standards down through the organisation and ensure such feedback of information as will enable them to measure and compare performance. 

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