Risk sharing

As the risk of failiu-e in drug research is incredibly high, the opportunity for organizations to share, and thereby reduce, part of that risk through 

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Fifth, when total refusal is advised, political will is sometimes tested. The best example from the United Kingdom concerns beta interferon for multiple sclerosis NICE twice advised against its use on grounds of lack of cost effectiveness. Faced with a potential political backlash, the ministry devised a risk-sharing plan under which patients were to be monitored over time. If the long-term outcome for patients is not as good as the manufacturers suggest, they may have to refund some of their sales revenues (U.K. Department of Health 2002). 

In an acceptable situation the risks are so minor - perhaps even regarded as negligible - that any risk reduction effort is unnecessary. However, risk sharing via insurances and/or further risk reduction on a voluntary basis presents options for action which can be worthwhile pursuing even in the case of an acceptable risk. 

Risk-sharing The MCO negotiates with the provider, who agrees to deliver effective, efficient and high-quality care to all enrollees with some degree of financial risk. 

Risk sharing Policies whereby the physician (usually the primary care provider (PCP)) is placed at financial risk for providing services (including prescription drugs) to the patients... 

They re now looking to leverage the foundational biology that comes out of big universities into a chemistry situation where there s an actual molecule that will make money. They see, for example, Emory University making hundreds of millions of dollars on some of the HIV drugs from Pharmasset. And those are molecules that went into the clinic. They re not assays. So a lot of that innovation may actually come out of collaborations, joint ventures, and risk sharing deals with universities. ... 

The method of payment, or the contractual base, has to have both carrots and sticks, i.e., an element of risk-sharing between the provider and the payer. Where savings or economies can be found, the proceeds must become available to both parties. Where overruns or non-budget expenditure occurs, managing the cost implications should be clearly defined, either as a penalty for the provider or a shared risk between the provider and the payer. 

Emergency arrangements for risk-sharing, if the number of patients referred exceeds the number contracted for. 

Arrangements for risk-sharing in the event of unplanned-for changes, and formulae for the distribution of any savings that the DM solution may generate. 

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