Organic pollutants, environmental

Gschwend, P. M., and S. Wu. 1985. On the constancy of sediment-water partition coefficient of hydrophobic organic pollutants. Environmental Science and Technology 19 90. 

Harrad, S., 2000. Persistent organic pollutants. Environmental behavior and pathways for human exposure. Kluwer Academic Publishers, UK. 

Semple, K.T., Reid, B.J., and Eermor, T.R. 2001. Impact of composting strategies on the treatment of soils contaminated with organic pollutants. Environmental Pollution, 112(2) 269-83. 

Beyer, A., Mackay, D., Matthies, M., Wania, R, Webster, E. Assessing long-range transport potential of persistent organic pollutants. Environmental Science and Technology, 34 699-703 (2000). 

Toreman WT, Bidleman TF. 1987. An experimental system for investigating vapor-particle partitioning of trace organic pollutants. Environmental Science and Technology 21 869-875. 

Persistent organic pollutants Environmental legislation, sources and formation mechanisms from solid waste combustion... 

Dachs, J., S.J. Eisenreich, J.E. Baker, F.C. Ko, and J.D. Jeremiason 1999. Couphng of phytoplankton uptake and air-water exchange of persistent organic pollutants. Environmental Science <6 Technology 33(20) 3653-3660. 

Another important example of redox titrimetry that finds applications in both public health and environmental analyses is the determination of dissolved oxygen. In natural waters the level of dissolved O2 is important for two reasons it is the most readily available oxidant for the biological oxidation of inorganic and organic pollutants and it is necessary for the support of aquatic life. In wastewater treatment plants, the control of dissolved O2 is essential for the aerobic oxidation of waste materials. If the level of dissolved O2 falls below a critical value, aerobic bacteria are replaced by anaerobic bacteria, and the oxidation of organic waste produces undesirable gases such as CH4 and H2S. 

Environmental Analysis One of the most important environmental applications of gas chromatography is for the analysis of numerous organic pollutants in air, water, and wastewater. The analysis of volatile organics in drinking water, for example, is accomplished by a purge and trap, followed by their separation on a capillary column with a nonpolar stationary phase. A flame ionization, electron capture, or... 

In room temperature phosphorescence, a treatment of the paper substrate with sodium dodecyl sulfate in conjunction with thallium acetate enhances the results and the technique can be used in routine environmental analysis of organic pollutants [156]. 

At the practical level, an ideal mechanistic biomarker should be simple to use, sensitive, relatively specific, stable, and usable on material that can be obtained by nondestructive sampling (e.g., blood or skin). A tall order, no doubt, and no biomarker yet developed has all of these attributes. However, the judicious use of combinations of biomarkers can overcome the shortcomings of individual assays. The main point to emphasize is that the resources so far invested in the development of biomarker technology for environmental risk assessment has been very small (cf the investment in biomarkers for use in medicine). Knowledge of toxic mechanisms of organic pollutants is already substantial (especially of pesticides), and it grows apace. The scientific basis is already there for technological advance it all comes down to a question of investment. 

Keeping the same format as the first edition, the text begins with coverage of the basic principles underpinning the environmental behavior and effects of organic pollutants. It then describes the properties and ecotoxicology of major pollutants and explores future prospects. In the last section, the author discusses some issues that arise after consideration of the material in the second part of the text. 

The text is divided into three parts. The first deals with the basic principles underlying the environmental behavior and effects of organic pollutants the second describes the properties and ecotoxicology of major pollutants in reasonable detail the last discusses some issues that arise after consideration of the material in the second part of the text, and looks at future prospects. The groups of compounds represented in the second part of the book are all regarded as pollutants rather than simply contaminants, because they have the potential to cause adverse biological effects at realistic environmental levels. In most cases these effects have been well documented under environmental conditions. The term adverse effects includes harmful effects upon individual organisms, as well as effects at the level of population and above. 

Antoine SR, DeLeon IR, O Dell-Smith RM. 1986. Environmentally significant volatile organic pollutants in human blood. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 36 364-371. 

C. Bernes, Persistent Organic Pollutants. A Swedish View of an International Problem, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm (1998). 

Torres, E., Bustos-Jaimes, I., and Le Borgne, S., Potential use of oxidative enzymes for the detoxification of organic pollutants, Appl. Catal. B Environmental, 46, 1-15, 2003. 

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