Optical information processing

A concise survey of where the broad domain of optical information processing had got to a few years ago is in a book issued by the European Commission (Kotte et al. 1989), while a good overview of non-linear optical materials is by Bloor (1994). 

The purple membrane is harvested semiindustrially from halobacteria mutants which are bred in fermenters. The BR is then embedded into a polymeric matrix of poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyacrylamide. The BR films manufactured in this way are used for different applications, preferably in holography, for example, as a reversible transient data storage system for optical information processing (159). Another example is real-time interferometry by using the property of BR films to integrate over time (160). BR has been proposed also as a two-photon memory material because of its unusually large two-photon cross section. 

A new generation of optical materials for optical regeneration and eventually optical information processing. 

Photochromic dithienylethenes have been considered as extremely promising systems to store information. The success of optical information processing requires the facile detection method which can read the stored information in a non-invasive manner. It is to say that the non-destructive readout capability is indispensable. On the basis of the ability to fine-tune the excitation wavelengths of porphyrins and the fact that they exhibit strong luminescence and attractive coordination properties, Branda covalently attached two porphyrins to the dithienylethene backbone, and synthesized a hybrid for non-destructive information processing [29], as shown in Scheme 1. It was the first example of photochromic porphyrinic dithienylethene. 

Nitrobenzothiazole chromophores [588, 589] and their precursors [590] are building blocks of nonlinear optical materials, which are extensively used in the field of optical information processing, optical sensing, data storage, and telecommunications [588, 591], 5-Nitro- [590] and 6-nitro-2-(methyamino)benzothiazole [589] have been prepared from 3-nitro- and 4-nitrophenylthiourea correspondingly, as illustrated in Scheme 2.105. 

Modulated transducers are used in optical information processing. Faster, and smarter devices are required to control displays, printers and communication equipment. Thin garnet films, with individual pixels, that can be addressed independently and be switched from transparent to opaque can be used in this technology. Light switching arrays (LISA) are composed of bismuth substituted gadolinium iron garnets (GIG). 

Here we discuss an example of elementary NEED composed of a single q-dot and nanoantenna , that is a metal nanoparticle, following the approach of dipole nano-laser (DNL) [1,4]. We show that the nanoparticle increases not only the brightness [4], but also the modulation band of emission of a single q-dot, which is important for applications in optical information processing. Q-dot structures are considered as promising materials for LEDs [5]. 

Light travels faster in materials than electrons in metals. Optical information processing has tremendous advantages over electronic information processing, since it can transfer more information simultaneously and with less noise than the current systems. The opportunities open to the techniques have been demonstrated in optical telecommunication systems. Future applications presently under evaluation are in the area of optical computing and optical switching. 

The objective of nanoscale optofluidic charac-terizatimi is to combine different nanophotonics technologies with microfluidic devices and thereby explore and develop photonic analysis techniques based oti the microscopic flows of liquids and on nanophotcHiic properties. The optofluidic character-izatimi techniques will be powerful new tools for a wide range of applications in optical information processing and the miniaturizatimi of chemical and biological processes for synthesis, analysis, and recognidOTi [1]. 

Fig. 13 these images are complementary. So, the zone plate created with of orthogonal circular polarizations of recording waves automatically performs the subtraction, which is important for solving some problems of microlithography and optical information processing. 

Various frequency-conversion interactions can also be used for spectroscopy, image conversion, control of various properties of laser beams, and certain optical information-processing techniques. 

Color Science Image Processing Metal Cluster Chemistry Optical Information Processing Photochromic Glasses Phosphors Polymers, Electronic Properties Polymers, Photorespon-siVE (IN Electronic Applications) Smart Pixels... 

ACOUSTO-OPTICS deals with the interaction between sound and laser. It can result in laser beam deflection, laser intensity modulation, and phase modulation and frequency shifting of laser. Devices and systems based on acoustooptic interaction have been playing a major role in various types of optical information processing as well as optical display systems. In Section II, we cover and review some basics of acousto-optic interactions and discuss a plane-wave scattering model for the sound-light interaction. In Section III, we discuss how intensity and frequency modulation of a laser beam can be accomplished by the acoustooptic effect. Applications such as laser beam deflection and laser TV display will then be discussed. In Section IV, we present modem applications of acousto-optics... 

Roberts L (1965) Machine perception of 3D solids. Optical and electro-optical information processing. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA... 

A typical example is found in a space truss structure proposed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory [46]. A stacked PMN actuator was installed at each truss nodal point and operated so that unnecessary mechanical vibration was suppressed immediately. A Hubble telescope has also been proposed using multilayer PMN electrostrictive actuators to control the phase of the incident light wave in the held of optical information processing (Fig. 4.1.25) [47]. The PMN electrostrictor provided superior adjustment of the telescope image because of negligible strain hysteresis. 

Another potential field of application for efficient SHG is optical information processing and routing. Currently, electrical cable as a medium for data transfer is being replaced by optical fiber, which allows much higher data transmission rates. 

M. Sinclair, C. H. Seager, D. McBranch, A. J. Heeger, and G. L. Baker, in C. Warde, J. Stamatoff, and W. I. Wang, eds.. Materials for Optical Information Processing (MRS Sjrmposium Series, 228m), Materials Research Society, Pittsburg, 1992, p. 79. 

In the apparatus for optical information processing, where the fast response of the material plays a determining role, liquid crystals could, in our opinion, perform their role in the first stage, while the various functional elements are still being modeled. In the future, film materials may be developed with faster response times, and which are sufficiently sensitive to the influence of the field so that liquid crystals will surrender their place... 

One of the most important functional elements in devices for optical information processing is the transparency (or page composer). It organizes the information in the form of an optical image which can be recorded on... 

Commercially available TFT spatial light modulators could also be applied for optical information processing. One of these modulators, with a twist liquid crystal layer and 320 x 320 pixels, provides a high quality holographic image in the optical data-processing system. 

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