Olives preparations from

Cl Vat Black 25 is prepared from dibromoben2anthrone (74) and (17) by a similar route. This dye is known as Tndantbrene Olive T. 

Oleic acid of acceptable purity may be prepared from olive oil fatty acids by the method of Brown and Shinowara,2 3 Wheeler and Riemenschneider,4 Brown and Foreman,5 or Khan, Deatherage, and Brown.6 It may also be purchased from the Hormel Institute, Austin, Minnesota. 

Extract was prepared from the leaves and roots of two years old olive plants with water at room temperature. Internal standard as D-3-0-methylglucopyranose(MeGlu) was used and added In appropriate volume. Extraction was accomplished by shaking for 15 min and finally the suspension was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min. Before the injection the aqueous phase was filtered and passed on a cartridge OnGuard A (Dionex)to remove anion contaminants. 

Lard Oil.—This fluid oi] is prepared from lard in tho same manner as is directed for tallow oil. It is considered much superior to sperm or olive oil for greasing wool, and, from its low price, is largely used. It is usually sufficiently white and clear for use, and should on no account be bleached by chemical means, as it is liable to retain enough of the bleaching agent to injure its quality, and render it inappltoablo for many purposes. 

Fig. 4 LC-GC-FID chromatograms for typical olive oils. The nearly complete absence of wax esters (esters 40-esters 46) and very low concentrations of steryl esters indicate a high-quality extra virgin oil. The concentration of free stigmasterol is low. C24-26-OH, fatty alcohols. In lampante oils, more wax esters and steryl esters are found. The concentration of stigmasterol increases more than campesterol if the oil was prepared from olives of low quality. Run at the same sensitivity, chromatograms of solvent-extracted oils are completely overloaded. The refined extraction oil was diluted 1 5 before running the chromatogram shown. Wax ester and steryl ester concentrations are very high. (From Ref. 34, p. 626.)...

Iron(II) complexes of 7-nitroso-6-hydroxyindazoIes (203) are sufficiently soluble in water to permit the dyeing of wool and polyamide fibres in green to olive shades having good fastness properties from weakly addic dyebaths. Cationic iron(H) complexes (204) have also been prepared from quatemized indazoles of this type but have found little or no commercial application. 

Budinova, T Petrov, N., Razvigorova, M. et al. (2006) Removal of As(III) from aqueous solution by activated carbons prepared from solvent extracted olive pulp and olive stones. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 45(6), 1896-901. 

Emulsions were prepared from caprylic and olive oil to evaluate the effect of caprylic acid as an antibacterial agent in an emulsion. Pure caprylic acid did not form a stable emulsion, but did so when dissolved in olive oil, and was stable in excess of 7 days. All other steps to emulsify the liquids were the same, and the results are shown in Table 4.5. Antibacterial activity is significant at 1% caprylic acid, but acceptable antibacterial activity is achieved after... 

This result was confirmed and extended by Oliver and coworkers in a series of reports dealing with the intramolecular attack of a variety of organometallics7 (Al, Mg, Li, Zn, etc.) onto unactivated alkenes. When 4 was prepared from di(5-hexenyl)mercury, it cyclized to 5 in less than 1 h at 25 °C in diethyl ether and these cyclization reactions were thought to be promoted by metal-alkene complexation8, that required metals bearing empty orbitals. Moreover, the rate of cyclization is highly solvent-dependent at 25 °C 4 takes 8 days to cyclize in pentane, 96 h in benzene and less than an hour in diethyl ether. 

A steady growth in the consumption of cooking and salad oils is evident from the USDA Economic Research Service Oil Crops Situation and Outlook Reports for domestic consumption of salad and cooking oils in the United States. The consumption data by source oil is summarized in Table 25 (25, 33). Deodorized cooking and salad oils are principally prepared from soybean, cottonseed, com, canola, sunflower, and peanut oils. Olive oil is technically a cooking oil and is considered a gourmet product by many due to its distinctive flavor and odor, which would be destroyed by deodorization, considered mandatory for the other liquid oils. 

The activated carbons A, H, P were prepared from almond shells, olive stones, and peach stones their aciueous suspensions all had pH > 7. 

TABLE 16 Uptakes of Substituted Phenols, Expressed as Normalized Surface Areas (with Respect to Phenol) as a Eunction of the Degree of Bum-Off (BO) for Activated Carbon Prepared from Olive Stones... 

Oleic acid is obtained by the hydrolysis of various animal and vegetable fats or oils, such as olive oil, followed by separation of the liquid acids. It consists chiefly of (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid. Oleic acid that is to be used systemically should be prepared from edible sources. 

Induction of glucuronosyltransferase activity in liver microsomes from male Wister rats treated with coal tar creosote (200 mg/4 mL olive oil/kg) by gavage 72 and 24 hours before death was compared with activity in microsomes from untreated control animals (Luukanen et al. 1997). Microsome preparations from the livers of these rats were used to assay the activities of 1-hydroxypyrene UGT and /i-nitrophenol UGT and estimate the kinetic parameters of the two enzymes. Pretreatment with creosote lowered the... 

Small quantities of refined olive oil and virgin olive oil may be added to soft margarines prepared from hydrogenated or interesterified vegetable oils. 

Oxine-copper, bis(8-quinoIinoiato)copper (29) is an olive-green crystalline substance, insoluble in water, alcohols and most of the organic solvents. Oxine-copper, can be prepared from the aqueous solution of a copper(II) salt by precipitation with 8-hydroxyquinoline. 

STM has also been applied to the characterization of porous fractals. Thus, an investigation of a series of activated carbons prepared from olive stones STM and other techniques allowed Pfeifer et al. [16] to document the first case of a jfflre fractal (i.a, such carbons hosted an extended fractal network of pores). As expected from stich a structure where most channels are deep inside the solid and invisible ft-om the outside, only sparse entrances about 1.3 nm wide were observed by STM on the surface of such materials (white arrow in Fig, 5) the STM image also shows little external roughness, as could be expected. 

Although the British Pharmacopoeia directs hard soap to be made from olive oil, the best curd soap of commerce, which is a mixture of sodium stearate, palmitate, and oleate, and which is prepared from various solid and liquid fats, may be substituted for it in practice. 

Breton, C., Claux, D., Metton, I., Skorski, G., and BerviUe, A. Comparative study of methods for DNA preparation from olive oil samples to identify cultivar SSR alleles in commercial oil samples Possible forensic applications. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 52, 531-537. 2004. 

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