Oil-emulsion mud

Invert oil-emulsion muds, 9 5 In-vessel composting, 25 874 Investigational Device Exemption (IDE), 21 577... 

An emulsion drilling fluid (mud) of the water-dispersed -in-oil (W/O) type. A mud of low water content is referred to as an oil-base mud , and a mud of high water content is referred to as an invert-oil mud . See also Oil-Emulsion Mud. 

Oil-Emulsion Mud An emulsion drilling fluid (mud) of the oil-dispersed-in-water (OAV) type. See also Drilling Fluid, Oil Mud. 

Produced (wellbore) foams in cold, heavy oil recovery Oil flotation process froths Firefighting foam Heavy oil pipeline emulsions Well stimulation emulsions Oil and oil sand flotation process emulsions Emulsion drilling fluid Oil-emulsion mud Oil-base mud Asphalt emulsion... 

Oil-Base Muds. Oil-base muds contain oil as the continuous phase and water as the dispersed phase. Oil-base muds contain less than 5% (by volume) water, while oil-base emulsion muds (invert emulsions) have more than 5% water in mud. Oil-base muds are usually a mixture of diesel fuel and asphalt the filtrate is oil. 

Proper control of the properties of drilling mud is very important for their preparation and maintenance. Although oil-base muds are substantially different from water-base muds, several basic tests (such as specific weight, API funnel viscosity, API filtration, and retort analysis) are run in the same way. The test interpretations, however, are somewhat different. In addition, oil-base muds have several unique properties, such as temperature sensitivity, emulsion stability, aniline point, and oil coating-water wettability that require other tests. Therefore, testing of water and oil-base muds will be considered separately. 

The stability of an emulsion mud is an important factor that has to be closely monitored while drilling. Poor stability results in coalescence of the dispersed phase, and the emulsion will separate into two distinct layers. Presence of oil in the emulsion mud filtrate is an indication of emulsion instability. 

Figure 4-113. Approximate rheology of two oil-based mud systems. (VERTOIL = invert emulsion of oil and CaClj brine OILFAZE = invert emulsion of oil and freshwater)...

SANDS Low pressure. Water or mud blocking. Loss of crude or diesel oil used as completion fluid. Minimum filtration rate water-base muds. Minimum filtration rate water-base emulsions. Miminum filtration rate oU-base emulsions. Oil-base muds. Inhibited muds. Minimum weight muds. Crude oil or diesel oil. Add oil-soluble lost circulation material. 

Esters of Q to Cn monocarboxylic acids [1288-1292], acid-methyl esters [1282], and polycarboxylic acid esters [1287], as well as oleophilic monomeric and oligomeric diesters [1293], have been proposed as basic materials for inverted emulsion muds. Natural oils are triglyceride ester oils [1844] and are similar to synthetic esters. Diesters also have been proposed [1293-1297]. 

Drilling fluids usually contain water as the primary component. However, oil-based muds may be used for high temperature operations and for drilling highly water-sensitive formations. Oil-based muds are of two types, oil-external emulsions containing as much as 50% water in the internal phase or an oil-based fluid containing little if any water. 

A water-in-oil emulsion. This term differs from the term reverse emulsion , which is used in the petroleum field. An emulsion drilling fluid (mud) of the water-in-oil (W/ O) type, that has a high water content. See also Oil-Base Mud, Oil Mud. 

Use Bactericide and slimicide for aqueous systems, cutting oil emulsions, industrial water systems, drilling muds. 

Surfactants are very important in the chemical industry, appearing in such diverse products as detergents, emulsion polymer-based adhesives, surface coatings, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, motor oils, drilling muds used in petroleum prospecting, ore flotation agents,... 

Alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride slimicide, aqueous systems Tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane slimicide, cooling water systems 1 -Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin slimicide, cutting oil emulsions Tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane slimicide, drilling muds Tris (hydroxymethyl) nitromethane slimicide, food-contact C12-14 pareth-3 Methicone slimicide, food-contact paper/paperboard Acrolein Benzalkonium chloride 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one 1,4-Bis (bromoacetoxy)-2-butene 1,2-Bis (bromoacetoxy) ethane... 

CTO consists of approximately 35-50% fatty acids, 15-55% rosin acids, and 5—35% unsaponifiable and neutral material. CTO can be used right away as a surfactant for oil and gas drilling applications or can previously be oxidized by blowing with air at a temperature of 120-130°C for 24h. It forms water-in-oil emulsions and stabilizes the oil-based drilling mud when pumped at high bottom-hole temperature under pressure through the kelly, drill pipe, drill collars, and drill bit (Figure 3B.11). It is then returned... 

The drilling fluid (also called drilling mud) in general is a water-in-oil-emulsion made of... 

---