Octyl heptylate

Octyl Heptylate.—This is the highest ester of the series that is found to be useful as a perfume. It has the formula... 

Trialkyltin chlorides, R3SnCl (R = butyl, octyl, heptyl, and decyl), can also be prepared by the reaction between tin and the alkyl halide in a molten quaternary ammonium halide, R 4NX.67 The reactivity of the alkyl halides RX follows the usual sequence for their reaction with nucleophiles, and the Sn-C bonds are thought to be formed by reaction of the tin(II) nucleophiles RHSnBr4 with the RX.68... 

Alkyl Formate Production. In the past few years, formate esters have become an important class of organic compounds mainly because of their versatility as chemical feedstock (16,36-42), and as raw materials for the perfume and fragrance industry (43-46). Specifically, formate esters (methyl, ethyl, pentyl, etc.) have been used as starting material for the production of aldehydes (36), ketones ( ), carboxylic acids (37-40), and amides ( ). For example, methyl formate can be hydrolyzed to formic acid (39,40) or catalytically isomerized to acetic acid ( ). On the other hand, alkyl formates have been employed in the perfume and fragrance industry in amounts of approximately 1000 to 3000 Ib/year (43—46). Among the formates that have been commonly used for these purposes are octyl ( ), heptyl ( ), ethyl ( ), and amyl ( ) formates. 

Fig. Ill-IS. Surface tension data for aqueous alcohol illustration of the use of the Gibbs equation. (1) -butyl (2) -amyl (3) -hexyl (4) -heptyl (5) -octyl. (Data from Ref. 126).

N-Heptyl-N-acetyl-hydroxylamin 45% d. Th. N-Octyl-(2)-N-acetyl-hydroxylamin 60% d.Th. N-Cyclohexyl-N-acetyl-hydroxylamin 45% d.Th. N-(l-Phenyl-dthyl)-N-acetyl-hydroxylamin 55% d.Th. 

N-Diphenylmethylen- 374 N-Diphenylmethylen-O-aminocarbonyl- 612 N-[l,3-Diphenyl-propyl-(2) - 374 N-[l,3-Diphenyl-propyliden-(2)]- 374, 377, 380 N-(4-Halogen-phenyI)- 683 N-Heptyl- 375 N-Heptyl-N-acetyl- 376 N-Heptyliden- 375 N-Hcptyliden-O-acetyl- 376 0-(2-Hydroxy-athyl)-N-athoxycarbonyl- 133 N-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)- 683 0-(2-Hydroxy-l-phenyl-athyI)-N-athoxycarbonyI-aus 0-(ci-AthoxycarbonyI-benzyl)-N-athoxycar-bonyl-hydroxylamin und Lithiumalanat 133 N-Isopropyl- 682 N-Isopropylidcn- 613 N-Methyl- 133, 682 O-Methyl-N-bcnzyliden- 377 O-Methyl-N-benzyliden- 375 0-Methyl-N-(4-chlor-benzyl)- 375 0-Methyl-N-(4-chlor-benzyliden)- 375 N-Methy -N,0-diacetyI- 682 N-(4-Methyl-phenyl)- 683 0-McthyI-N-( 1 -phenyl-athyliden)- 375 N-(4-Methylthio-phenyl)- 684 N-(4-Nitro-benzyl)- 374 N-[4-Nitro-benzyliden - 374, 377 N-(2-Nitro-phenyl)- 562 N-(4-Nitro-phenyl)- 682 N-Nitroso-N-cyclohexyl- 697 N-Octyl- 374 N-Octyl-(2)-N-acetyl- 376 N-Octyliden- 374 N-0ctyliden-(2)-0-acctyl- 376 N-(Pentafluor-phenyl)-0,N-diacetyl- 697 N-Phenyl- 474, 481, 682, 783 N-Phenylacetyl-O-benzoyl- 265 N-(l-Phenyl-athyl)- 374 N-(l-Phenyl-athyl)-N-acetyl- 376 N-(l-Phenyl-athyliden)-374, 613 N-( l-Phenyl-athyliden)-0-acetyl- 376 N-[ 1 -Phenyl-buten-( 1 )-yl-(3)-iden]- 582 N-f4-Phenyl-butyl-(2)-iden]- 581 N-Phcnyl-N,0-diacetyl- 682 N-(4-Phenylthio-phenyl)- 684 N-Propyl-N-cyclohexyl- 376 N-Propyl-N-isopropyl- 376 O-Sulfonyl- 481 N-(4-Sulfonyl-phenyI)- 683 N-(2-Vinyl-phenyl)- 698... 

Brommethyl-2-phenyl- 394 3-(4-Carboxy-butyl)-2-undecyl-170 3-(7-Carboxy-heptyl)-2-octyl- 170... 

Degradations of symmetrical long-chain dialkyl ethers are used to illustrate an entirely different metabolic pathway. The di-n-heptyl-, di-n-octyl-, di- -nonyl-, and di- -decyl ethers are degraded by a strain of Acinetobacter sp. to two different groups of metabolites (Figure 11.4) ... 

Table 7.16 Abbreviations used in the chemical formulae of Table 7.15 (from [352]) Me = Methyl, Et = Ethyl, Pr = n-Propyl, Bn = n-Butyl, Hep = Heptyl, Oct = Octyl, Ph = Phenyl...

The activation energies for the fragmentation of the carbene in CH2C12 were calculated by the B3LYP/6-31G method to be 14.6, 2.2, and —0.95 for the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, and adamantyl systems, respectively. Are the product trends consistent with these computational results, which presumably reflect the relative stability of the carbocation formed by the fragmentation ... 

NONANOL n-NONYL MERCAPTAN BUTYL-PENTYL-SULFIDE ETHYL-HEPTYL-SULFIDE HEXYL-PROPYL-SULFIDE METHYL-OCTYL-SULFIDE n-NONYLAMINE... 

Wells, D. and Drummond, CJ. Nonionic n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and u-octyl urea surfactants some physicochemical properties, Langmuir, 15(14) 4713-4721, 1999. 

A new series of vitamin Bj2 model compounds has been prepared by treating the cobalt(ii) clielate (100) with BH in the presence of RX (R = Me, Et, Pr", Bu", n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, or n-decyl). All the complexes RCoL have pseudo-octahedral structures in the solid state and, in poorly... 

Recently, Radell, Connolly and Raymond [7] prepared normal pentyl, hexyl, heptyl and octyl perchlorates from the corresponding alkyl iodide and silver perchlorate. The oily esters were purified as urea inclusion compounds. 

Heptyl n-Octyl M-Nonyl n Decyl K-Undecyl n Octadecyl... 

Reactions of formyl complexes with alkylating agents can be more complex than the reductions in Eqs. (15-22). Some examples of simple hydride transfer exist. For instance, (CO)4Fe(CHO) (22) reduces octyl iodide to octane (75%) (27, 28) (C2H5)4N + 25 (Table I) reacts with heptyl iodide (overnight, room temperature, THF) to give heptane (71%) and (CO)4[(ArO)3P]Fe (37, 42) c/.s-(CO)5ReRe(CO)4(CHO) (19) converts octyl iodide to octane (68%) (47). 

TRPO Trialkylphosphine oxide R R j.R, = hexyl, heptyl, octyl (1 5 4)... 

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