Nutritional aspects

Less research has been carried out on millets than on other cereals. Nutritional quality is one area of priority. Like other cereals, millet has low contents of essential amino acids. For example, pearl millet contains in the order of 3 g lysine/100 g protein, whereas the World Health Organization recommends a minimum of 5.5 g/100 g. On the plus side, millets do not contain gluten proteins, so they are safe for those with celiac disease. Millets are low in certain minerals, including calcium. 

Increasing the amounts of minerals and vitamins in the grain may not, however, be sufficient to improve the diet of consumers because they are concentrated in the pericarp, aleurone, and germ and are hence removed by decortification. It is therefore necessary to increase the concentration of vitamins and minerals in the endosperm and, in the case of minerals, their availability. 

Many of the nutritional, that is, mainly antinutritional, aspects of the Maillard reaction have been included in reviews by Friedman290 and O Brien and Morrissey.334 

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Fatty acids are susceptible to oxidative attack and cleavage of the fatty acid chain. As oxidation proceeds, the shorter-chain fatty acids break off and produce progressively higher levels of malodorous material. This condition is known as rancidity. Another source of rancidity in fatty foods is the enzymatic hydrolysis of the fatty acid from the glycerol. The effect of this reaction on nutritional aspects of foods is poorly understood andhttie research has been done in the area. 

Department of Health, Nutritional Aspects of Cardiovascular Disease, Report on Health and Soeial... 

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH (1998) Nutritional Aspects of the Development of Cancer, London, HMSO. 

BOOTHS (2001) Vitamin K and the skeleton, In BurckhardtP, Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney R P, Nutritional aspects of osteoporosis, San Diego, Academic Press, 273-81. 

Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy, Nutritional aspects of the development of cancer, report of the Working Group on Diet and Cancer, Her Majesty s Stationery Office, London, 1998. 

Flavonoids, physiological and nutritional aspects, 14 (1977) 285 Fluorescence-based assays, 43 (2005) 19 Fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents,... 

Mahalanabis D, Rahman MM, Sarker SA, Bardhan PK, Hildebrand P, Beglinger C, et al Helicobacter pylori infection in the young in Bangladesh Prevalence, socioeconomic and nutritional aspects. Int J Epidemiol 1996 25 894-898. 

Rodriguez-Amaya DB. 1993. Nature and distribution of carotenoids in foods. In Charalambous G, editor. Shelflife Studies of Foods and Beverages. Chemical, Biological, Physical and Nutritional Aspects. Amsterdam Elsevier Science, pp. 547-589. 

Mills, C.F. and I. Breamer. 1980. Nutritional aspects of molybdenum in animals. Pages 517-542 in M.P. Coughlan (ed.). Molybdenum and Molybdenum-Containing Enzymes. Pergamon Press, Elmsford, New York. 

The problem of protein malnutrition is very complex and cannot be completely covered in one book, but the chapters of this book provide up-to-date balanced coverage of this important subject. This book, I hope, will fill a need for nutritionists, food scientists, and clinicians concerned about nutritional aspects of plant proteins for humans. Views and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors, whom 1 sincerely thank for their time and effort in presenting their research at the symposium and in preparing their manuscripts for publication in this book. 

We now come to perhaps the most important topic of all so far as the relationship between mental disease and biochemical individuality is concerned, namely, the nutritional aspects of the problem. 

Lloyd, T. A., Rollings, N. J., and Chinchilli, V. M. (1997). The effect of enhanced bone gain achieved with calcium supplementation during ages 12 to 16 does not persist in late adolescence. In "Third International Symposium on Nutritional Aspects of Osteoporosis" (P. Burckhardt, B. Dawson-Hughes, and R. P. Heaney, eds.), Springer-Verlag, London. 

Nielsen FH. 1982. Possible future implications of nickel, arsenic, silicon, vanadium, and other ultratrace elements in human nutrition. In Clinical and Biochemical Nutritional Aspects of Trace Elements. New York, NY Alan R. Liss, Inc., 379-404. 

Wurzburg, O. B. (1986c). Nutritional aspects and safety of modified food starches. Nutr. Rev., 44,74-79. 

In Italy, too, "wine is seen as nourishment. In the past, the nutritional aspects were particularly relevant in the alimentation of the lower classes, whose poor diet needed precisely those extra calories that wine could provide" (Cottino 1995,157). 

The book does not cover the technology of the various dairy products, although brief manufacturing protocols for some products are included to facilitate discussion however, a number of textbooks on various aspects of dairy technology are referenced. Neither are the chemical analyses, microbiology and nutritional aspects of dairy products covered, except in a very incidental manner. The effects of dairy husbandry on the composition and properties of milk are discussed briefly, as is the biosynthesis of milk constituents in both cases, some major textbooks are referenced. 

Flynn, A. and Power, P. (1985) Nutritional aspects of minerals in bovine and human milks, in Developments in Dairy Chemistry, Vol. 3 Lactose and Minor Constituents (ed. P.F. Fox), Elsevier Applied Science, London, pp. 183-215. 

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