Fluoroquinolone antibacterials

Tetrafluorobenzene. This compouad has beea prepared by fluoriaatioa of hen2ene with cobalt trifluoride and subsequent combination of the dehydrofluoriaation and defluoriaation steps. Its ioni2ation potential is 9.01 V. Nitration gives 2,3,4,5-tetrafluoronitroben2ene [5580-79-0] ia 75% yield, an iatermediate to fluoroquinolone antibacterials (218). 

An illustration of a modified Wallach fluorination is the synthesis of 2 4 di chloro-5-fluorotoluene, an intermediate in the preparation of the fluoroquinolone antibacterial ciprofloxacin This was prepared in 69% overall yield by heating W(2,4-dichloro-5-methylphenyl) N, N dimethyltriazene in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride [44] (equation 11)... 

The transformation of several fluoroquinolone antibacterials was examined and a number of products from ciprafloxacin were tentatively identified (Zhang and Huang 2005). The qninolone ring was nnchanged, and the major prodnct was produced by fission of the piperazine ring to an aniline. 

Zhang H, C-H Huang (2005) Oxidative transformation of fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents and structu-iraloly related amines by manganese dioxide. Environ Sci Technol 39 4474-4483. 

Flavonoids, physiological and nutritional aspects, 14 (1977) 285 Fluorescence-based assays, 43 (2005) 19 Fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents,... 

Kang, J., Wang, L., Chen, X.L., Higgle, D.J. and Rampe, D. (2001) Interactions of a series of fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs with the human cardiac K+ channel HERG. Molecular Pharmacology, 29, 122-126. 

Chiba, K., Sugiyama, A., Hagiwara, T., Takahashi, S.I., Takasuna, K., and Hashimoto, K., In vivo experimental approach for the risk assessment of fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents-induced long QT syndrome, Eur. J. Pharmacol., 486, 189-200, 2004. 

Dodd MC, Shah AD, Von Gunten U, Huang C-H (2005) Interactions of fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents with aqueous chlorine reaction kinetics, mechanisms, and transformation pathways. Environ Sci Technol 39 7065-7076... 

---