Nuclear Installations Acts

The only type of risk that is unique to nuclear power is the risk of a catastrophe such as the Chernobyl disaster of 1996. The potential third-party liability of such events is so high that such risks are uninsurable in normal markets. The US introduced government insurance of nuclear plants with the Price-Anderson Act of 1957 (Rothwell, 2002). In the UK, nuclear operators liability is capped under the provision of the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 and the Energy Act 1983, which implement the international convention on third-party liability signed in Paris in 1960 and Brussels in 1966 (OECD, 2003). 

BNFL is permitted to carry out its operations at Sellafield under the conditions contained within its Nuclear Site License granted by the HSE under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965. This license contains a number of conditions which relate directly to the safe operation of nuclear plants and which have to be met in order for a plant to operate. One requirement is for the production and assessment of safety cases to justify safety during the design, construction, manufacture, commissioning, operation, and decommissioning phases. 

The Nuclear Installations Acts of 1965 and 1969 control the safety and the building and operation of nuclear reactors. They impose on the licensee an... 

It is The Watt Committee on Energy s understanding that the powers of the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate under the Nuclear Installations Act, are very similar to those of the Factory Inspectorate under the Factories Act/Health and Safety at Work Act. 

The main legislation governing the safety, and enforcement of safety, at nuclear installations in the U.K. is the 1974 Health and Safety at Work Act. There are also relevant statutory provisions of the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 as amended and the Ionizing Radiations Regulations 1985, supplemented by the Nuclear Installations Regulations 1971 as amended. 

U.K. Health and Safety Executive (1994a), Nuclear Site Licences under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965 (As Amended) Notes for Applicants, Report HS6 120, London, HSE Books. 

Health and Safety at Work Act, Nuclear Installations Act, and others, and Regulations... 

First developed for the nuclear and aerospace industries. Safety Cases can be used in any activity or industry that poses high risk to workers or the community. One of the first examples was in the United Kingdom where the Nuclear Installations Act of 1965 that required covered facilities to create and maintain a Safety Case in order to obtain a license to operate. Since that time other industries that have used Safety Cases include pipelines, railways, and mining operations. Moreover, in spite of the fact that the term Safety Case is not widely used in the United States, the same approach to the development and application of Safety Management Systems is, in fact, used in other American industries. For example, the U.S. nuclear and space industries prepare Safety Analysis Reports (SARs) and Mission Safety Evaluations (MSEs), respectively. These documents have the same general intent and strucmre as a Safety Case. Within the onshore process... 

Examples include the Agriculture (Safety, Health and Welfare Provisions) Act 1956, The Mines and Quarries Act 1954, The Offices Shops and Railway Premises Act 1963 and The Nuclear Installations Act 1965. 

All UK licensed civil nuclear facilities are required to have in place emergency arrangements which are rehearsed regularly. The requirement for emergency arrangements is specified by Licence Condition 11 under the Nuclear Installations Act 1965, and is subject to approval by the MI. 

Nuclear site licence holders are also covered by section 7 of the Nuclear Installations Act which imposes an absolute duty to prevent damage or injury in relation to nuclear matter and sets up a... 

Two years after the 10 October 1957 Windscale military reactor fire and core melt accident formal external regulation of the UK civilian nuclear power industry through the Nuclear Installations Act was enacted in the UK in 1959, under the auspices of the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate. A government press release at the time nevertheless stated that the fire had no bearing on the safety of nuclear power stations being built for electricity authorities . One substantial later implication of the accident was the establishment of the UK National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) in 1971. 

The main Acts of parliament involved in radiological safety are the Nuclear Installations Act, the Factories Act, and the Radioactive Substances Act. The Nuclear Installations Act of 1965 provides inter alia for the regulation of certain installations capable of emitting ionizing radiations. It lays down conditions under which a nuclear site licence may be granted by the Minister of Power. Under the Radioactive Substances Act a standing advisory committee has been set up and has published... 

---