National Radiological Protection Board

Electromagnetic Fields and the Risk of Cancer, Report of an Advisoy Group on Non-Ioni ng Radiation, documents of the National Radiological Protection Board, U.K., Vol. 3, Mar. 1992. 

James AC. 1878. Lung deposition of sub-micron aerosols calculated as a function of age and breathing rate. In National Radiological Protection Board annual Research and Development Report. National Radiological Protection Board. Harwell, United Kingdom,71-75. 

National Radiological Protection Board. 1982. Gut uptake factors for plutonium, americium and curium. Hartwell, England National Radiological Protection Board. DE83702055. 

National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORQ,... 

Further consideration is being given by the National Radiological Protection Board and the Department of the Environment to the need for standards in the UK and to the means of implementing them. A decision is likely to be made before the end of this year. 

The mean radon concentrations determined by the passive detectors are based on calibrations using NBS standard radium-226 solutions and also from participation in the OECD (Nuclear Energy Agency)/CEC radon dosimeter intercomparisons (Commission of the European Communities, 1986) held at the U.K. National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB). Recent calibrations of the new LR-115 based detectors, in terms of response to radon concentrations and F factors have been carried out at the NRPB, which assistance is greatly appreciated. For the etching and track counting procedures used the inner LR-115 piece in the detectors has a mean sensitivity of approximately 1.6 tracks cm 2 kBq l m hr l. 

Riordon, A.C. James, G. Rae and A.D. Wrixon, Human Exposure to Radon Decay Products Inside Dwellings in the United Kingdom, National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Report NRPB-R152... 

Lloyd, D.C., J.S. Prosser, and R.J. Purrott, The Study of Chromsome Aberrations Yield in Human Lymphocytes as an Indicator of Radiation Dose Revised Techniques, NRPB-M70, National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon. 0X11 0RQ, Great Britain, (November 1982). 

Bulman, R.A. Concentration of Actinides in the Food Chain. National Radiological Protection Board NRPB-R44, HMSO 1976... 

Models to Allow for the Effects of Coastal Sites, Plume Rise, and Buildings on Dispersion of Radionuclides and Guidance on the Value of Deposition Velocity and Washout Coefficients, Fifth Report of a Working Group on Atmospheric Dispersion, National Radiological Protection Board, NRPB-R157, 1983. 

NRPB (1980). National Radiological Protection Board. An Evaluation of the Eastman Kodak Type 2 Film, NRPB-R103 (National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, England). 

In a passive detector developed by the National Radiological Protection Board (Wrixon et al., 1988), the etched pits in the detectors are filled with scintillator fluid. After exposure to radon, the detector is irradiated with an alpha source, and the resulting scintillations counted with a photo-multiplier tube. In this way, track density over 1 cm2 of detector can be measured in a few seconds. Passive detectors used in the UK National Survey were sensitive down to 20 kBq m-3 h of accumulated exposure, equivalent to a radon concentration of 5 Bq m-3 measured over 4000 h exposure. 

The National Radiological Protection Board (1990) have adopted a slightly lower figure, 50 //Sv per Bq m-3 (coincidentally equivalent to Chamberlain Dyson 6.2 nGy per Bqh m-3). For the average UK indoor concentration of 20 Bq m-3 (Table 1.4), this gives 1 mSv annually, which is about equal to the total dose from all other natural sources of radiation (Clarke Southwood, 1989). 

Crick, M.J. Linsley, G.S. (1983) An assessment of the radiological impact of the Windscale reactor fire of October, 1957. National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton. Report R-135, Addendum. 

National Radiological Protection Board (1990). Human exposure to radon in homes. 

O Riordan, M.C., James, A.C., Green, B.M.R. Wrixon, A.D. (1987) Exposure to radon daughters in dwellings. Report NRPB-GS6, Chilton, Oxon, National Radiological Protection Board. 

The radiological consequences were considered by Loutit etal. (1960) on behalf of the Medical Research Council and more recently by the National Radiological Protection Board (Crick Linsley, 1982,1983). Loutit et al. estimated the maximum doses of radiation received by the public as ... 

Linsley, G.S., Crick, M.J., Simmonds, J.R., Haywood, S.M. (1986) Derived emergency reference levels. National Radiological Protection Board Report DL10. Chilton, Oxon. 

Stather, J.W., Wrixon, A.D. Simmonds, J.R. (1984) The risks of leukaemia and other cancers in Seascale from radiation exposure. National Radiological Protection Board Report R-171, HMSO, London. 

Kendall, G.M., Kennedy, B.W., Greenhalgh, J.R., Adams, N. Fell, T.P. (1987) Committed doses to selected organs and committed effective doses from intake of radionuclides. Report GS7. National Radiological Protection Board. Chilton, Oxon. 

No attempt is made to summarise the findings of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, or the reports of the National Radiological Protection Board, except in a few instances where they are directly relevant to the subject under discussion. 

There are limits to what is permitted for each user and this is governed by the Health and Safety regulations. The same applies to people working with X-rays. A good set of free wall charts is available from the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB)1 that summarizes all these processes. 

National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) W41, Generalised Habit Data for Radiological Assessments, K R Smith and A L Jones, May 2003. 

Clarke, R.H. (1979) A model for short and medium range dispersion of radionuclides released to the atmosphere. National Radiological Protection Board report NRPB-R91. 

Hunt, J.C.R. (1996) Atmospheric diffusion from a steady source in a turbulent airflow at low mean wind speeds, Note to UK Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling Working Group (National Radiological Protection Board), Report R292,19-22. 

An atlas of the radon levels present in the British Isles has been compiled by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) which clearly illustrates these variahons and the links to the underlying geology. 

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