Non-invasive analysis

B. Bliimich, A. L. Segre 2004, (Monitoring degradation in paper non-invasive analysis by unilateral NMR. Part II), J. Magn. Reson. 170, 113-120. 

Lehnert, R. Non-Invasive Analysis of Ceramics by Raman Spectroscopy CFI-Ceram. Forum Int. 2002, 79, E16-E18. 

Duggan, M.P., McCreedy, T., Aylott, J.W., A non-invasive analysis method for on-chip spectrophotometric detection using liquid-core waveguiding within a 3D architecture. Analyst 2003, 128, 1336-1340. 

In vivo, thymine glycol may be one of the most interesting biomarkers of non-enzymatic aromatic hydroxylation, for it can be detected by non-invasive analysis of urine [46], As shown in the upper part of Fig. 2, the one-electron reductive cleavage observed in the Fenton reaction can be extended to alkyl hydroperoxides, ROOH, yielding alkoxyl radicals, RO , whose oxidizing power, although smaller than that of OH , is still considerable [20,24,47] ... 

A116. Utsumi, H. and K. Yamada In vivo electron spin resonance-computed tomography/nitroxyl probe technique for non-invasive analysis of oxidative injuries Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 416 (2003) 1-8. 

Fibre-optics for remote sensing non-invasive analysis... 

Process monitoring using Raman spectroscopy (mainly in its NIR Fourier transform variant) is proposed for QA/QC purposes, on-line polymer analysis, in situ cure kinetics, emulsion polymerisation, non-invasive analysis of physical parameters (in situ crystallinity determination, etc.) and reactor compositions, real-time measurements, molecular interactions, and components in aqueous solutions. 

Buckley, K. and Matousek, P. (2011) Non-invasive analysis of turbid samples using deep Raman spectroscopy. Analyst, 136 (15), 3039-3050. 

Fast and non-invasive analysis of VOCs has the potential to determine the quality and origin of wine. This is particularly important given the huge commercial market in wine and the potential for adulteration and production of fake products. Boscaini et al. were the first to use PTR-MS for the characterization of wine using direct headspace analysis and mass spectral fingerprints [53]. Owing to the high ethanol content of wine it was not possible... 

Ahmad, S.R., Foster, V.G. and Reynolds D.M. (1993). Laser scattering technique for the non-invasive analysis of wastewater. SPIE Vol. 2092, Substance Detection Systems (pp. 353-359). Washington, DC SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering. 

Non-invasive visualization and analysis of metabolism in laboratory animals individual body level ... 

Determination of appropriate measuring and analysis methods. Decisions must be made on the selection of appropriate and available measuring and or analytical equipment and tools. The characteristics of the methods must be discussed in terms of specificity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity of the methods, and locations of measuring and/or sampling (off-line, at-line, on-line, in-line, non-invasive). 

M.A. Dempster, B.F. MacDonald, P.J. Gemperline and N.R. Boyer, A near-infrared reflectance analysis method for the non invasive identification of film-coated and non-film-coated, blister-packed tablets. Anal. Chim. Acta, 310 (1995) 43-51. 

The adsorption/desorption isotherms measured by NMR (equivalent to conventionally measured isotherms), extracted from two different regions of the imaging field of view corresponding to the two ceramics, are shown in Figure 3.5.9. Once these local isotherms are extracted, they are simply the local adsorption for that point in space contained within the material, measured non-invasively and non-destructively. Conventional analysis techniques for adsorption isotherms (such as BET theory) can therefore be applied to the data, to determine the microstructural properties corresponding to that isotherm curve. 

Short-term non-invasive biomarkers for processes producing long-term lung damage-evaluation of the feasibility of candidate measurement systems. Toxicokinetic models have been developed to determine whether breath analysis of pentane and ethane can be used to estimate chronic lung damage from toxicants. 

The idea to measure iron by MRI, using the natural darkening caused by the presence of ferritin, has always been very attractive. Such a method could be performed non-invasively and in vivo. The evolution of ferritin concentration during different pathologies could be monitored, even in the brain which is impossible in vivo with current techniques (for example, tissue puncture and subsequent chemical analysis). As iron seems to play a role in Parkinson s and Alzheimer s diseases, the interest on ferritin -induced contrast has been... 

The use of ICG to measure hepatic blood flow and function by spectrophotmet-ric analysis of serial blood samples collected invasively was recognized more than 50 years ago [141], and the concept of non-invasive optical monitoring of physiologic function with ICG is not new [ 142 -146]. However, advances in optical technology and the availability of miniature lasers for biomedical applications have resulted in the development of faster, simpler, and reliable optical methods for monitoring physiologic functions in real-time. While most of these methods rely on the absorption properties of ICG for continuous hepatic func-... 

The BioView sensor includes a software package (CAMO ASA, Norway) for data analysis and on-Une estimation of different bioprocess variables simultaneously. Thus, the instrument is able to predict the trends of the concentration courses of different variables during a cultivation and is used to give information about important process steps (e.g., feeding time, harvesting time, etc.). The instrument is able to monitor on-line several fluorophores in situ and non-invasively during cultivation processes and permits an estimation of different bioprocess variables simultaneously. The increasing of cell mass concentration and the product formation as well as the actual metabolic state of the cells is simultaneously detectable by this fluorescence technique. 

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