Nominal order

Flavor Intensity. In most sensory tests, a person is asked to associate a name or a number with his perceptions of a substance he sniffed or tasted. The set from which these names or numbers are chosen is called a scale. The four general types of scales are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio (17). Each has different properties and allowable statistics (4,14). The measurement of flavor intensity, unlike the evaluation of quaUty, requires an ordered scale, the simplest of which is an ordinal scale. 

When constmction is complete, the pipeline must be tested for leaks and strength before being put into service industry code specifies the test procedures. Water is the test fluid of choice for natural gas pipelines, and hydrostatic testing is often carried out beyond the yield strength in order to reHeve secondary stresses added during constmction or to ensure that all defects are found. Industry code limits on the hoop stress control the test pressures, which are also limited by location classification based on population. Hoop stress is calculated from the formula, S = PD/2t, where S is the hoop stress in kPa (psig) P is the internal pressure in kPa (psig), and D and T are the outside pipe diameter and nominal wall thickness, respectively, in mm (in.). 

Finishers. Magnetic finishing dmms are designed to produce the highest possible iron content in the concentrate. Typically, the feed size has been reduced to a nominal size of —74 fim (—200 mesh) or —44 fim (—325 mesh) in a ball mill circuit. The feed tank and feed arrangement of the finisher separator is usually of the semicountercurrent design. The objective is to disperse the feed particles in order to obtain maximum rejection of nonmagnetic particles. Both 762 and 914 mm dia dmms have been used in finisher appHcations. Dmm covers frequendy are not used in finisher constmction because of the material size. 

Y = coefficient naving value in Table 10-50 for ductile ferrous materials, 0.4 for ductile nonferrous materials, and zero for brittle materials such as cast iron t,n = minimum required thickness, in, to which manufacturing tolerance must be added when specifying pipe thickness on purchase orders. [Most ASTM specifications to which mill pipe is normally obtained permit minimum wall to be 12V percent less than nominal. ASTM A155 for fusion-welded pipe permits minimum wall 0.25 mm (0.01 in) less than nominal plate thickness.] Pipe with t equal to or greater than D/6 or P/SE greater than 0.385 reqmres special consideration. 

There are, however, certain special applications where the filter medium around the edge of the section may be dehberately blinded by painting in order to improve cake discharge. This technique is most frequently used on disk filters, with the result that the actual area may be only 75 to 85 percent of the nominal area. This is a significant deviation from the nominal area and must be considered separately. 

The number of accumulated scans and nominal resolution have been tested in order to ensure a compromise between sensitivity and sampling frequency. 

In order to select the instmmental conditions for carrying out the ATR measurements several parameters including the number of accumulated scans per spectra or nominal resolution were tested. To avoid the crosscontamination and to establish an appropriate strategy for cleaning the ATR cell between samples, several procedures were tested using background and blank controls. Moreover, the possible sample sedimentation on the ATR plate cell due to the complexity of the sample matrix during the spectra acquisition was also checked. 

We show the nominal inside length for various standard sections of belts in Table 8.9. According to the table the nearest standard belt available has a pitch length of 3330 or 3736 mm. For a more closer length of belt, either change the pulley size or select another make of belt or have it made to order. But a length of 3330 seems reasonable, hence it is accepted. 

A reasonable estimate of the number of flaws needed to sustain an equilibrium value of A can be made based on the concepts introduced earlier in this section. To achieve a nominal fragment size of d, the number of activated flaws per unit volume should be of order d From the equilibrium... 

In the probabilistic design calculations, the value of Kt would be determined from the empirical models related to the nominal part dimensions, including the dimensional variation estimates from equations 4.19 or 4.20. Norton (1996) models Kt using power laws for many standard cases. Young (1989) uses fourth order polynomials. In either case, it is a relatively straightforward task to include Kt in the probabilistic model by determining the standard deviation through the variance equation. 

The earliest SIS block copolymers used in PSAs were nominally 15 wt% styrene, with an overall molecular weight on the order of 200,000 Da. The preparation by living anionic polymerization starts with the formation of polystyryl lithium, followed by isoprene addition to form the diblock anion, which is then coupled with a difunctional agent, such as 1,2-dibromoethane to form the triblock (Fig. 5a, path i). Some diblock material is inherently present in the final polymer due to inefficient coupling. The diblock is compatible with the triblock and acts... 

In the desorption step, ammonia is passed downflow through the bed which has completed the adsorption cycle. The ammonia is heated to approximately the same temperature as that of the feed in the adsorption step in order to maintain a nominally isothermal operation. The first portion of the desorbate, although rich in n-paraffms, contains impurities and is recycled to the second bed which is simultaneously operating on the adsorption cycle. The remaining product is condensed and separated from ammonia. The product is freed of dissolved ammonia by distillation. 

Perhaps the simplest way to assess the reliability of a system is to count the active parts, flic 1C liability estimate is the product of the number of parts and some nominal failure rate for the parts. Ill the design phase, two competing designs may be compared on the basis of the numbei of parts but several cautions are in order. 

In order to have effective exchange of air in important locations in a room, the age of the air in those locations should be low. The basis for comparison is the complete mixing scenario. That scenario gives the same age for any air volume selected in the room, identical to the nominal time constant for the ventilation airflow,. A steady-state scenario is assumed. See Sutcliffe for an overview of definitions related to age of air. The various air exchange efficiency indices are presented in Table 8.6. 

The indicated transition pressure of 15 GPa is in agreement with the published data with shock-wave structure measurements on a 3% silicon-iron alloy, the nominal composition of Silectron. A mixed phase region from 15 to 22.5 GPa appears quite reasonable based on shock pressure-volume data. Thus, the direct measure of magnetization appears to offer a sensitive measure of characteristics of shock-induced, first-order phase transitions involving a change in magnetization. 

Changing the eluent in a ready-made column is sometimes combined with a loss of packing quality. The manufacturers try to hold the number of specified solvents for one packing type as low as possible, but some eluents have to be nominated at order time. Any replacement has to be performed strictly according to the instructions of the manufacturers. Not every eluent is suitable for the long-term storage of a used column (e.g., reactive decomposition products of tetrahydrofuran or corrosion by some aqueous buffers) and have to be replaced. 

Nominal formula Ratio Cr/S Proportion of sites occupied in alternate layers Random or ordered vacancies ... 

For pulsating service, the set pressure is usually set greater than the nominal 10% or 25 psig above the average operating pressure of the system in order to avoid unnecessary releases caused by surging pressure peaks, but still not exceeding the MAWT of the vessel/system. Careful analysis must be made of the proper set condition. 

Nominal weighis, threads and coup)ing (Col. 2). are shown for ihc purpose ofideniification in ordering. Weight gain due to end finishing. 

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