Nitrocellulose lacquers components

Conventional nitrocellulose lacquer finishing leads to the emission of large quantities of solvents into the atmosphere. An ingeneous approach to reducing VOC emissions is the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as a component of the solvent mixture (172). The critical temperature and pressure of CO2 are 31.3°C and 7.4 MPa (72.9 atm), respectively. Below that temperature and above that pressure, CO2 is a supercritical fluid. It has been found that under these conditions, the solvency properties of CO2 ate similar to aromatic hydrocarbons (see Supercritical fluids). The coating is shipped in a concentrated form, then metered with supercritical CO2 into a proportioning airless spray gun system in such a ratio as to reduce the viscosity to the level needed for proper atomization. VOC emission reductions of 50% or more are projected. 

The principal component of ptimary amji alcohol, 1-pentanol, although itself a good solvent, is useful for the preparation of specific chemicals such as pharmaceuticals and other synthetics (153,154). Production of ptimary amji acetate and its esters for solvent appHcations has seen low growth since the 1970s because of the decline of nitrocellulose lacquers and the introduction of new solvent systems. 

It will also dissolve natural and synthetic resins like elemi, "Cumor" resins, ester gum, moniio, mastic, rosin and sandarac. It is used principally as a law-boiling component in nitrocellulose lacquer formulations. 

The liquid PEG grades mainly used for the production of cellulose films have the following valuable properties as humectants or plasticizers balanced hygroscopic-ity complete nonvolatility, absolute transparency, peptizing effect on resin components of the viscose, anchoring effect on nitrocellulose lacquers, and the imparting of dimensional stability. 

Uses. Diacetone alcohol is a widely used solvent in the coatings industry where it finds appHcation in hot lacquers which require high boiling components, and in bmshing lacquers where its mild odor, blush resistance, and flow-out properties are desired. Diacetone alcohol is also a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, and epoxy resins. 

Collodion cotton used industrially for lacquers, celluloid and such like, can be transported after being wetted with ethyl, propyl or butyl alcohol the choice depending on which alcohol is to be used as a component of the solvent for the nitrocellulose in question. 

Nitrocellulose, which is the most important component of single-base and double-base powders and multibase rocket propellants. It is also used to gelatinize commercial explosives. Outside the explosives industry, it is also used in the manufacture of lacquers and varnishes ... 

TBC is used as a plasticizer that does not support fungal growth in cellulosic and vinyl resins (especially PVC), polyactic acid resins (as a biodegradable component), and furniture coatings. Also used as a solvent for nitrocellulose and lacquers intended for food contact applications. Additional applications include a defoaming agent in proteinaceous solutions. 

OTHER COMMENTS used as fragrances in the perfume and cosmetics industry, as components for housefly insecticides, and as chemical components for the large spruce bark beetle attractant utilized as a solvent for nitrocellulose and other lacquers this substance has been granted gras status by FDA for food use. 

Lacquers are clear, synthetic coatings, most often cellulose-based (such as nitrocellulose often modified with a resin, cellulose acetate, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and benzyl cellulose) that dry through evaporation of a solvent. Lacquers can be made from a liquid lacquer base, a starting point for speciality lacquers (e.g., automotive) which most often contain the film-forming material in concentrated solution with or without other components. The base may be up to 25% nitrocellulose. 

Nitrocellulose (cellulose nitrate) lacquers are a mixture of binders (nitrocellulose and resins), plasticizers, and (optionally) pigments dissolved/dispersed in organic solvents. The nonvolatile components are ... 

Cellulose nitrate, nitrocellulose (CN), A polymeric material produced from cellulose by esterification with nitric acid. Explosion-like burning. CN plastified with camphor is named celluloid. Though thermoplastic, it is not injection moulded because of its high flammability. Among other uses, table-tennis balls are made of celluloid. CN is the film-forming component of several lacquers and paints. 

Acetone and methyl ethyl ketone are valuable solvent components in acrylic/nitrocellulose automotive lacquers. Acetone is the solvent of choice in film coatings operations which use vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer formulations. Other ketones that may be used in these film coating operations... 

The curing of a lacquer is usually attributed to the solvent evaporating. Although the drying process is not that simple, the explanation is adequate. The most familiar type of lacquer is based on nitrocellulose, which produces rapid and hard drying. The formula also includes one or more softer resins for adhesion and one or more plasticizers for flexibility. A complex solvent blend is normally used to give a controlled evaporation rate and ensure that all components remain in solution until solvent evaporation is complete. 

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