Nitrates, NO

Concentrated sulphuric acid reddish-brown vapours of nitrogen dioxide, accompanied by pungent acid vapours of nitric acid which fume in the air, are formed on heating the solid nitrate with the reagent. Dilute sulphuric acid has no action (difference from nitrite)  

Concentrated sulphuric acid and bright copper turnings On heating these with the solid nitrate, reddish-brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide are evolved, and the solution acquires a blue colour owing to the formation of copper(II) ions. A solution of the nitrate may also be used the sulphuric acid is then added very cautiously. 

Iron(II) sulphate solution and concentrated sulphuric acid (brown ring test) This test is carried out in either of two ways (a) Add 3 ml freshly prepared saturated solution of iron(II) sulphate to 2 ml nitrate solution, and pour 3-5 ml concentrated sulphuric acid slowly down the side of the test-tube so that the acid forms a layer beneath the mixture. A brown ring will form where the 

The brown ring is due to the formation of the [Fe(NO)]2+. On shaking and warming the mixture the brown colour disappears, nitric oxide is evolved, and a yellow solution of iron(III) ions remains. The test is unreliable in the presence of bromide, iodide, nitrite, chlorate, and chromate (see Section IV.45, reactions 3 and 4). 

Bromides and iodides interfere because of the liberated halogen the test is not trustworthy in the presence of chromates, sulphites, thiosulphates, iodates, cyanides, thiocyanates, hexacyanoferrate(II) and (III) ions. All of these anions may be removed by adding excess of nitrate-free Ag2S04 to an aqueous solution (or sodium carbonate extract), shaking vigorously for 3-4 minutes, and filtering the insoluble silver salts, etc. 

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Nitrate NO, Increased solid content assists in the reduction of metal embrittlement Health problems with infants if used in foods Distillation Demineralization... 

Heavy phosphate coatings do not necessarily have better corrosion resistance than lighter coatings. Even with a single process, e.g. zinc/iron/ phosphate/nitrate, no consistent relationship has been found between corrosion resistance and either coating weight or weight of metal dissolved. 

At higher concentrations the Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of alkali nitrates and of nitric acid have been investigated. Nitric acid was found to be incompletely dissociated, though for the alkali nitrates no evidence of incomplete dissociation was found. Since accurate measurements on solutions of nitric acid have not been made at concentrations below 4.0 molar, it is not certain how the extrapolation to infinite... 

Figure 4.4. Possible structures of nitrites N02 species (I to VII) and nitrates NOs species (VIII to XI) (from ref. [67]).

The second type of biological process is a direct treatment process, in which bacteria oxidize the sulfur species. This oxidative desulfurization reaction is carried out in the presence of an electron acceptor (such as nitrate, NOs ), a source of carbon (such as carbon dioxide or I ICO, ), and a source of reduced nitrogen (such as ammonia). The... 

Reactions of nitric acid are of three types. First, those of a strong monobasic acid. When dissolved in water, it readily forms hydronium, HsO, and nitrate NOs ions ... 

Ivory Nut, Nitrated. No specs or procedures for nitration were found. Its use in the following Dynamite compn is claimed by Stine (Ref 1) ... 

Urea nitrate No No Secondary high explosive. Used in first World Trade Center terrorist incident... 

Nitrous oxide contributes severely to global warming and the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere (Crutzen 1981, Bouwman 1996). Almost 90% of the global atmospheric N2O is formed during the microbial transformation of nitrate (NO ) and ammonia (NH ) in soils and water. In OECD countries the agricultural contribution to N2O emissions is estimated at 58% (IPCC 2001). Soils fertilised with inorganic fertilisers and manure stores are seen as the largest sources (Chadwick et al. 1999, Brown ef al. 2002). 

According to Fanner [38] the first stage of hydrolysis proceeds in accordance with the eqn. (1) (p. 7). Afterwards, the products react with one another to form nitrous acid or nitrites and the series of compounds ennumerated above. Fanner s hypothesis seems unsatisfactory when hydrolysis of nitric esters is carried out in a neutral medium since, for example, if ethyl alcohol is treated with an aqueous solution of potassium nitrate no oxidation of the ethyl alcohol occurs even if the mixture of compounds is boiled. 

Fig. 74. Flow sheet of continuous manufacture of PETN i—nitrator No. 1, 2—nitrator No. 2. 3 — diluting vat, 4—vacuum filter, 5—washing vat, 6, 8,10,12—filters, 7—neutralizer, 9—vat for dissolving PETN in acetone, 11 —diluting...

Sulphuric Acid. — On diluting 5 gm. of hydrosilicofluoric acid with 10 cc. of water and adding a solution of barium-free strontium nitrate, no precipitate should form, even on standing twelve hours. 

Non-volatile Matter. — On igniting 2 gm. of mercurous nitrate, no weighable residue should remain. 

Vanadium Nitrates.—No nitrates of vanadium have been isolated. When hypovanadic oxide is dissolved in nitric acid the blue solution which results probably contains vanadyl nitrate, V0(N03)2, but on evaporation oxidation ensues and hydrated vanadium pentoxide is obtained. Blue solutions of vanadyl nitrate arc more conveniently obtained by precipitating vanadyl chloride with silver nitrate or vanadyl sulphate with barium nitrate. Addition of nitric acid to hexammino-vanadium trichloride yields hexammino-vanadium nitrate,10 [V (NH3)6](N03)3. 

Three and four-tenths grams of aquopentamminechro-mium (III) nitrate (No. 112) (or better, 2.8g of the aquo-chloride, No. 112 a) are dissolved in 50ml of water and Sg of sodium nitrite are stirred into the solution. Then 7ml of 4M hydrochloric acid are slowly added with continual agitation and the mixture is cooled in ice for 15 minutes. The... 

A solution of 3.4g of the aquo-nitrate (No. 112) in 40ml of water is mixed with one ml of 1M nitric acid, and a clear solution of 4g of sodium nitrite in 6ml of water is added. The product precipitates almost at once the mixture is allowed to stand in ice for 15 minutes to complete the crystallization. The orange material is washed with aqueous alcohol and acetone, as described for the proceeding compound, and dried in air. 

Five grama of carbonatopentamminecobalt (III) nitrate (No. 118) are added in small portions to a mixture of 15ml of water and 12g of glacial acetic acid. The reaction mixture is concentrated on a steam bath for iy -2 hours during this time the red crystalline product separates. After cooling to room temperature, 40ml of water are added and the solid is filtered off. The mother liquor is removed from the filter flask and reserved, then the salt is washed with 50ml of ice-cold water, followed by 95% alcohol and ether. 

Three grams of oxalic add 2-hydrate are dissolved in 30ml of an equivolume mixture of water and ethanoL The solution is cooled and 6g of aquopentamminechromium (III) nitrate (No. 112) are stirred in. The mixture is continually stirred for 5 minutes on the steam bath the orange solid changes to a reddish tint during this time. The prod-... 

A solution of 15.6g of rans-dichlorodiethylenediammine-cobalt (III) nitrate (No. 131 a) in 200ml of hot water is treated with .3g of anhydrous sodium carbonate and evaporated on the steam bath to 75ml. The deep red solution is cooled in Ice and filtered, then the red solid is washed with methanol and air-dried. 

BCP Powder According to Daniel(1902),58, it was one of the older Brit propints, based on nitrate. No compn is given... 

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