Solid nitrates

Nitrated Molasses. The nitration of molasses produces liq and solid nitrates of variable N content and ex pi props. They were used as constituents of Kell s expls and in Murtineddu Powder (qv)... 

Contact of the solid nitrate with fused nitrite causes incandescence. 

Contact of powdered charcoal with the molten nitrate, or of the solid nitrate with glowing charcoal, causes vigorous combustion of the carbon. Mixtures with charcoal and sulfur have been used as black powder [1]. Charcoal powder-nitrate mixtures bum briskly at 200° C [2],... 

The extractabilities of metal-organic complexes depend on whether inner or outer sphere complexes are formed. Case 1, section 4.2.1, the extraction of ura-nyl nitrate by TBP, is a good example. The free uranyl ion is surrounded by water of hydration, forming U02(H20)f, which from nitric acid solutions can be crystallized out as the salt U02(H20)6 (N03), though it commonly is written U02(N03)2(H20)6. Thus, in solution as well as in the solid salt, the UOf is surrounded by 6 HjO in an inner coordination sphere. In the solid nitrate salt, the distance du.o(nitrate) between the closest oxygen atoms of the nitrate anions, (0)2N0, and the U-atom is longer than the corresponding distance, du-o(water), to the water molecules, OH2, i.e., du.o(nitrate) > 4u.o(water) thus the nitrate anions are in an outer coordination sphere. 

Concentrated sulfuric acid Nitrates, N03 Solid nitrate with concentrated sulfuric acid evolves reddish brown vapors of nitrogen dioxide + nitric acid vapors when heated... 

Concentrated sulphuric acid reddish-brown vapours of nitrogen dioxide, accompanied by pungent acid vapours of nitric acid which fume in the air, are formed on heating the solid nitrate with the reagent. Dilute sulphuric acid has no action (difference from nitrite) ... 

Concentrated sulphuric acid and bright copper turnings On heating these with the solid nitrate, reddish-brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide are evolved, and the solution acquires a blue colour owing to the formation of copper(II) ions. A solution of the nitrate may also be used the sulphuric acid is then added very cautiously. 

The solid nitrate absorbs dry ammonia, yielding a colourless mobile liquid, the composition varying with the temperature and pressure. The product is known as Divers s liquid, and appears to consist of solutions of ammonium nitrate and ammonia in one another. In its chemical behaviour this liquid resembles liquid ammonia. It dissolves bromine with liberation of nitrogen, and is converted by iodine into a solid mass, possibly Millon s compound, N2H6I2. It dissolves potassium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, and cadmium, the nitrate being reduced to nitrite.13... 

Alkali metal nitrates have comparatively low-melting points and the solid nitrates are excellent oxidizers at higher temperatures. Potassium nitrate is used as an oxidizer in black powder (75wt% KNO3, 15% charcoal, 10% sulfur). Fertilizer mixtures commonly contain ammonium nitrate or potassium nitrate, sometimes sodium or calcium nitrate as nitrogen compounds. Ammonium nitrate is also used as an explosive or as an oxidizer in an explosive mixture. Some properties of important nitrate fertilizers are summarized in Table 31. 

The peroxonitrite anion, ONOO, has been identified [56] as a primary product of UV-irradiation of solid nitrates at 254 run. This has been identified as a principal path for nitrate breakdown. 

TBP has the advantage of being able to extract uranium efficiently from nitric acid solution without addition of solid nitrates. TBP is also used to purify natural uranium (Sec. 9.2 of this chapter). 

Noncombustible solid nitration with a mixture of fuming nitric acid and sulfuric acid produces explosive products, which include phtha-loyl nitrate, nitrite, or their nitro derivatives (NFPA 1986)... 

The molar enthalpies of decomposition of both molten nitrates (Table 16.39) appear to be 20 kJ moP higher compared to the solid nitrates, which is in full agreement with the CDV mechanism involving partial transfer of the condensation energy to the reactant in the zone of the reaction between the solid reactant and solid product. If there is no such zone (in particular, in the case of reactant melting), the enthalpy of the decomposition (Ari7y/i/) should correspond to the enthalpy of the straight vaporization process calculated from the thermochemical data. The experi-... 

RO reject (concentrate) contains nutrients and solids nitrate = 27 mg/1, phosphorous (as P) =7 mg/1, TDS = 6400 mg/1 and TSS = 30 mg/1. In order that the instantaneous nutrient and suspended solids loads in the receiving rivers do not exceed the stringent environmental limits, RO reject water undergoes biological treatment to achieve the following nutrient and suspended levels on a 50 percentile basis nitrate as N = 1 mg/1, phosphorous as P = 4 mg/1, and TSS = 10 mg/1. 

The solubility of Th(N03)4 5H20 in ether-diluent mixtures has been reported by Vdovenko et al. [84] the results, obtained by contacting the solid nitrate with the appropriate non-aqueous phase, are shown in Table 31. Earlier information on the solubilities of thorium tetranitrate hydrates in non-aqueous media will be found in Thorium 1955, pp. 249/51. 

Mixed U 235u 239p, Spike Solid Nitrate 1RMM-I027h, i, j, -1029a... 

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