Pigment, nickel

Nickel carbonate is used in the manufacture of catalysts, in the preparation of colored glass (qv), in the manufacture of certain nickel pigments, and as a neutralizing compound in nickel electroplating solutions. It also is used in the preparation of many specialty nickel compounds. 

Keywords Magnesium, nickel, pigment, phythalocjanines, porphyrazine, spectroscopy, synthesis... 

Conductive Nickel Flake Powder HCA-1 - product developed for conductive paints and adhesives which provides EMI shielding when used in surface coatings, inks, and adhesives. The flakes are treated in a controlled atmosphere to give cleaner surface which enhances conductivity Conductive Nickel Pigment 525 - dendritic filamentary shape similar to INCO products CNS - spherical shape and uniforms size for thick film inks... 

Carbonic acid, nickel(2+) salt (1 1) EINECS 222-068-2 HSDB 1662 Nickel carbonate Nickel carbonate (NiC03) Nickel monocarbonate Nickel(2+) carbonate (NiCOa) Nickel(ll) carbonate Nickelous carbonate. Chemical intermediate in manufacture of nickel oxide, nickel powder, and nickel catalysts. Used in vacuum tubes and transistor cans, as a catalyst to remove organic contaminants from wastewater or potable water in the preparation of colored glass, of nickel pigments, as a neutralizing compound in nickel electroplating solution, and in the preparation of many specialty... 

Figure 2.22. The appearance of a nickel pigment viewed through a scanning electron microscope at various magnifications demonstrates the concept of self-similarity. As the tesolution is increased, the complexity of the boundary remains the same. (Micrographs provided by and used with the permission of INCO Limited, Sudbury.)...

Nickel-coated powder products are used as conductive pigments for appHcation in surface coatings (qv), adhesives (qv), injection mol ding powders. 

Many pigments having such substitutions have been commerciali2ed. The most important one is the Ti—Ni—Sb yeHow pigment having nickel oxide [12035-36-8], NiO, as the chromophoric component and Sb " as the charge-compensating cation. 

OtherTitanates. Nickel titanate [12035-39-1/, NiTiO, is a canary-yeUow soHd having a density of 73(00). When a mixture of antimony oxide, nickel carbonate, and titanium dioxide is heated at 980°C, nickel antimony titanate [8007-18-9] forms, which is used as a yellow pigment (95). 

Metal chelation is also a means of insoliihilizing organic molecules. For example. Cl Pigment Green 10 [51931 -46-5] (138) (Cl 12775) is a 2 1 nickel complex of a bidentate o-hydroxyazo ligand. 

The only components in a coating powder which might cause the waste to be classified as hazardous are certain heavy-metal pigments sometimes used as colorants. Lead- (qv) and cadmium-based pigments (qv) are seldom used, however, and other potentially hazardous elements such as barium, nickel, and chromium are usually in the form of highly insoluble materials that seldom cause of the spent powder to be characterized as a hazardous waste (86). 

Chrornium—cobalt—alurninum oxide [68187-11-1]—Cl Pigment Blue 36, Cl No. 77343. A blue—green pigment obtained by calcining a mixture of chromium oxide, cobalt carbonate, and aluminum oxide. It may contain small amounts (<1% each) of oxides of barium, boron, siUcon, and nickel. 

Titanate Pigments. When a nickel salt and antimony oxide are calcined with mtile titanium dioxide at just below 1000°C, some of the added metals diffuse into the titanium dioxide crystal lattice and a yellow color results. In a similar manner, a buff may be produced with chromium and antimony a green, with cobalt and nickel and a blue, with cobalt and aluminum. These pigments are relatively weak but have extreme heat resistance and outdoor weatherabihty, eg, the yellow is used where a light cadmium could not be considered. They are compatible with most resins. 

Cobalt ores are often found in association with copper(II) sulfide. Cobalt is a silver-gray metal and is used mainly for alloying with iron. Alnico steel, an alloy of iron, nickel, cobalt, and aluminum, is used to make permanent magnets such as those in loudspeakers. Cobalt steels are hard enough to be used as surgical steels, drill bits, and lathe tools. The color of cobalt glass is due to a blue pigment that forms when cobalt(II) oxide is heated with silica and alumina. 

Mixed-phase oxide pigments are manufactured by high temperature (800-1000 °C) solid state reactions of the individual oxide components in the appropriate quantities. The preparation of nickel antimony titanium yellow, for example, involves reaction of Ti02, NiO and Sb203 carried out in the presence of oxygen or other suitable oxidising agent to effect the necessary oxidation of Sb(m) to Sb(v) in the lattice. 

As a result of variation shown in toxicity, the evaluation of technologies applicable for discharge control, and treatment by some compounds within the industrial chemicals, the SIC 281 groups are further subdivided into 11 subcategories.23 They are aluminum fluoride, chlor-alkali, chrome pigments, copper sulfate, hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen cyanide, nickel sulfate, sodium bisulfate, sodium... 

The yellow ink jet dyes (and pigments) are metal-free azo dyes, such as Cl Direct Yellow 132 and Cl Acid Yellow 23 (Tartrazine).48,49 Most of the magentas are azo dyes derived from H-acid (l-amino-8-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid), such as (62), and xanthenes, such as Cl Acid Red 52 and Cl Acid Red 289.48,49 Where high lightfastness is a requirement, a copper complex azo dye, Cl Reactive Red 23 (63), is used. However, such dyes are dull (see Section 9.12.3.2). Nickel complex PAQ dyes, such as (22), are claimed to be brighter and to have similar high lightfastness... 

Cadmium, as cadmium oxide, is obtained mainly as a by-product during the processing of zinc-bearing ores and also from the refining of lead and copper from sulfide ores (USPHS 1993). In 1989, the United States produced 1.4 million kg of cadmium (usually 0.6 to 1.8 million kg) and imported an additional 2.7 million kg (usually 1.8 to 3.2 million kg). Cadmium is used mainly for the production of nickel-cadmium batteries (35%), in metal plating (30%), and for the manufacture of pigments (15%), plastics and synthetics (10%), and alloys and miscellaneous uses (10%) (USPHS 1993). 

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