Titanium-nickel-antimony yellow

Mixed-phase oxide pigments are manufactured by high temperature (800-1000 °C) solid state reactions of the individual oxide components in the appropriate quantities. The preparation of nickel antimony titanium yellow, for example, involves reaction of Ti02, NiO and Sb203 carried out in the presence of oxygen or other suitable oxidising agent to effect the necessary oxidation of Sb(m) to Sb(v) in the lattice. 

Nickel antimony titanium yellow Nickel niobium titanium yellow Nickel tungsten titanium yellow Chrome antimony titanium yellow Chrome niobium titanium yellow Chrome tungsten titanium yellow Manganese antimony titanium brown Manganese niobium titanium brown Manganese chrome antimony brown... 

C.l. Pigment Yellow 53 EINECS 232-353-3 Nickel antimony titanium yellow rutile Nickel Rutile Yellow V-9415. Pigment for thermoplastic and thermoset resins, especially high temperature engineering resins, PVC siding and profile, and industrial finishes, Ferro. 

In the interest of brevity, some common conventions are used in this chapter. With the understanding that the subject concerns strictly metal oxide species, elemental symbols will be used to designate the pigment types, e.g. NiSbTi will represent the Nickel Antimony Titanium Yellow DR Pigments, (Ni,Sb,Ti)02. Also, M will represent a metal in general, whereby MSbTi represents either the NiSbTi yellow, the CrSbTi buff, or the MnSbTi brown DR pigments. 

OtherTitanates. Nickel titanate [12035-39-1/, NiTiO, is a canary-yeUow soHd having a density of 73(00). When a mixture of antimony oxide, nickel carbonate, and titanium dioxide is heated at 980°C, nickel antimony titanate [8007-18-9] forms, which is used as a yellow pigment (95). 

From the nineteenth century other pigments might be admixed or substituted for lead antimony oxide, such as cadmium yellow (cadmium sulfide) and lead chloride oxide (qq.v.). Modem paints called Naples yellow typically contain substitutes based on cadmium sulfide (or sulfide selenide) with yellow ochre or red iron oxide and a white pigment such as lead, titanium dioxide or zinc white chromium/nickel titanium yellows and those based on (parachloro-)orthonitraniline are also used (Carlyle, 2001 Wainwright et al.). 

A wide variety of greens ranging from blue to yellow in shade ate based on cobalt in combination with chromium, aluminum, titanium, nickel, magnesium, antimony, or zinc. These are brighter than the chromium oxides. 

Titanate Pigments. When a nickel salt and antimony oxide are calcined with mtile titanium dioxide at just below 1000°C, some of the added metals diffuse into the titanium dioxide crystal lattice and a yellow color results. In a similar manner, a buff may be produced with chromium and antimony a green, with cobalt and nickel and a blue, with cobalt and aluminum. These pigments are relatively weak but have extreme heat resistance and outdoor weatherabihty, eg, the yellow is used where a light cadmium could not be considered. They are compatible with most resins. 

Many of the following powdered metals reacted violently or explosively with fused ammonium nitrate below 200°C aluminium, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, tin, zinc also brass and stainless steel. Mixtures with aluminium powder are used as the commercial explosive Ammonal. Sodium reacts to form the yellow explosive compound sodium hyponitrite, and presence of potassium sensitises the nitrate to shock [1], Shock-sensitivity of mixtures of ammonium nitrate and powdered metals decreases in the order titanium, tin, aluminium, magnesium, zinc, lead, iron, antimony, copper [2], Contact between molten aluminium and the salt is violently explosive, apparently there is a considerable risk of this happening in scrap remelting [3],... 

Colorants Coloration of plastics, dyes, organic and inorganic pigments Benzidene (diarylide) (yellow), nickel azo (yellow), benzimidazole, copper phthalocyanine (blue-green) and isoindolinone (yellow-orange and reds), heavy metal oxides and sulfides, heavy metals and titanium dioxide, dihydroindolizine (DHI) and thermochromic antimony... 

Titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, white lead, lithopone, antimony trioxide Carbon black, mineral black, black iron oxide Synthetic iron oxide, red lead oxide, cadmium red Chrome yellow, strontium yellow, zinc yellow, nickel titanate yellow, zinc chromate, earthen iron oxide (ochre)... 

Other related nickel-containing yellow pigments include antimony nickel titanium oxide and nickel-based azo-metal complexes. 

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