NF-£B activation

Figure 6.8 Simulated time courses of IL-6 secretion and NF-B activation at 1 pg/ml of IL-1.

Xu, C.-X., Jin, H., Chung, Y.-S., Shin, J.-Y, Lee, K.-H., Beck J Jr., G.R., Palmos, G.N., Choi, B.-D., and Cho, M.-H. (2008) Chondroitin sulfate extracted from ascidian tunic inhibits phorbol ester-induced expression of inflammatory factors VCAM-1 and COX-2 by blocking NF- B activation in mouse skin. /. Agric. Food Chem., 56, 9667-9675. 

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Suh, J and AB Rabson. 2004. NF-kappa B activation in human prostate cancer important mediator or epiphe-nomenon. J Cell Biochem 91 100-112. 

Modulation of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-kB) Activation Pathway.466... 

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The transcription activator NF B regulates a variety of genes involved in the immune response and the inflamatory process. NF B is required for the expression of genes for the light x-chain of immimoglobulins, interleukin 2 and 6, as well as for interferon b (see chapter 11). 

The fimction and regulation of NF B is shown schematically in fig. 2.18. The active form of NFxB is a heterodimer consisting of one p50 and one p65 subunit. In the cytosol NFxB is found in an inactive complex boimd to the inhibitor J B. I B masks the nuclear translocation signal of the heterodimer, thus preventing its transport into the nucleus. The activity of NF B is highly regulated. 

FIGURE 11.2 Inhibitory effect of halichlorine on NF- activation in BAECs. (A) BAECs were preincubated with or without halichlorine ( ) for 2h and then exposed to LPS (3 ig/ml) for 3h. Next, cells were collected and then analyzed by RT-PCR. Agarose gel electrophoresis demonstrates mRNA encoding GAPDH, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin. (B) BAECs were preincubated with or without halichlorine ( ) for 2h and then exposed to LPS (3pg/ml) for lh. The p65 subunit of NF- was immunostained with Alexa Flour 568-labeled antibody (red) and nuclei was stained with DAPI (blue). This figure is sited from Tsubosaka et al., 2010b, and is permitted for use by the publisher. 

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Santos, M., Perez, P., Segrelles, C., Ruiz, S., Jorcano, J. L., and Paramio, J. M. (2003). Impaired NF-kappa B activation and increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha in transgenic mice expressing keratin K10 in the basal layer of the epidermis. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 13422-13430. 

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