Netherlands field tests

The process can be used to immobilize heavy metals such as Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Co. Cr(VI) can be reduced by some metal-reducing bacteria to the less toxic and less soluble form Cr(III). Arsenate [As(V)] can be reduced to the more mobile arsenite [As(III)] which precipitates as AS2S3, and is insoluble at low pH. Several laboratory-scale tests (batch and column) are currently available to study the feasibility of this process. However, only a few field tests have been performed to date. Two such tests have been conducted in Belgium, one at a non-ferrous industrial site, where the groundwater was contaminated with Cd, Zn, Ni and Co, and the other which was treated by injection of molasses in order to reduce chromium (VI) to chromium (III). A third demonstration in The Netherlands has been performed at a metal surface treatment site contaminated by Zn. The outcomes of a batch test of a groundwater heavily contaminated by Zn, Cd, Co and Ni are presented in Table 5. The initial sulphate concentration was 506mg/l. With the addition of acetate, a nearly... 

Swallow, K.C. Killilea, W.R. Malinowski, K.C Staszak, C.N. The Modar process for the destruction of hazardous organic wastes—field test of a pilot-scale unit. Waste Manag. (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 1989, 9 (1), 19-26. 

A great variety of fast breeder fuel pins have been tested under operational transient conditions in sodium-cooled capsules in the High Flux Reactor (HFR) in Petten/Netherlands. The test field included power ramping, overpower, power-to-melt and temperature transient experiments and the irradiation was terminated end of 1993. In 1994 post-irradiation examinations and evaluation work were made leading to interesting results ... 

In The Netherlands a test procedure for combustion residues has been proposed arrd standardized. It consists of a combination of a colunm test arrd a serial batch test, in which the material is allowed to dictate the leachate composition [4]. This combination will give information on the leachate composition as a function of time and/or percolate production, thus yielding information on a wide variety of field conditions. 

Fallman, A.-M. 1997. Leaching of chromium from steel slag in laboratory and field tests - a solubility controlled process WASCON 97, The International Conference for the environmental and technical implications of construction with alternative materials, Houthem, The Netherlands. 

Sulzer Hexis started its SOFC development in 1989 [53,54], In the period 1989-1997, two proof-of-concept systems were demonstrated in Winterthur, Switzerland, at Sulzer Hexis facilities and in Dortmund, Germany (Dortmund Energy and Water utility company DEW). This proof-of-concept phase was followed by a field test on six customer sites in Switzerland, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain and Germany. Together, these field test units accumulated 65,600 operating hours. The field test phase was finished in 2000 and currently the market entry phase has started. Sulzer Hexis has orders for more than 400 of its HXS 1000 Premiere fuel cell units. The customers are utility companies, mainly located in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Systems will be delivered from 2003 onward [55], Sulzer Hexis expects to sell 10,000 units in 2005 and to increase annual sales to 260,000 units by 2010. 

Its efforts can be seen through numerous collaborations between Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) and other industrial partners. Table 9.6 summarizes the current and ongoing field tests on membrane contactor systems for various applications. 

Netherlands - fuel cell research activities include SOFC and PEM, including demonstrating local CHP generation and the virtual power plant concept, which is testing some 30 PEM systems in the field. 

We acknowledge financial support from the Sixth Framework Programme of the European Union (Contract SSPI-CT-2003-502492 http //www.swift-wfd.com). We also thank Nel Frijns and the RIZA monitoring team in Eijsden (The Netherlands), the local Environmental Agency (in the Aller) for permission to work. Finally, we thank all the partners in the SWIFT-WFD consortium who carried out reference measurements, prepared the reference materials, participated in the proficiency testing and in field studies. 

In The Netherlands, this Triad approach for terrestrial ecosystem is being tested at a number of contaminated sites. An example of this testing at contaminated sewage fields nearby Tilburg, The Netherlands, is presented in the following sections. 

The International Electrotechnical Commission (lEC) was founded in 1904 and is now affiliated with the International Organization for Standardization as a Technical Division. The lEC has a Technical Committee 15 on Electrical Insulating Materials, which is concerned with the standardization of testing methods and specifications in this special field. It met in Scheveningen, Netherlands, September 10 to 12,1952. Approved test methods and specifications are issued as recommendations and standards (16),... 

Karlsrud, K., and Haugen, T. (1985), Behaviour of piles in clay under cyclic axial loading-Results of field model tests of the Behavior of Offshore Structures, 85, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 589-600. 

The Dutch Knowledge Platform on Electromagnetic Fields (emf Flealth) was set up by the Netherlands National Institute for Public Flealth and the Environment (rivm), TNO Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, KEMA energy consulting, testing and certification,... 

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