Narrow strait

Averaged current data from the western Baltic are presented. They provide statistical estimates of local current characteristics in the narrow straits, the Arkona Sea, and around the island of Rtigen. 

Fehmarnbelt are blocked by the Darss Sill and recirculated into the Mecklenburg Bight that is, they do not generally contribute to the inflow into the Arkona Sea. Only when high water levels in the Kattegat (cf. Chapters 2 and 3) strengthen the barotropic flow through the narrow straits, the Fehmarnbelt s near-bottom water can spill over the Darss SiU and spread further to the east into the Arkona Sea. 

A prototype power station featuring RP blades is running in a northern Norway strait. Hammerfest Strom s 120 tonne submerged turbine uses similar principles to a wind turbine, with 10 m long glass reinforced plastic (GRP) blades capturing the energy of tidal currents. The installation is located in a narrow strait where the current speed is both fast and uniform. 

At this point of San Benito the channel becomes a narrow strait, with four islets and rocks in it, and a bed of sea-weed. Three of the islets are near the point to the east, and the other on the west side. The main channel is between the three and the one nearer to the three islets, where there is a wider space, without sea-weed. The channel here has... 

There are substantial differences between glaciation of the southern and the northern polar regions. In the south, Antarctica is a sole continent in polar position. It is surrounded by large oceans, and is screened from warm equatorial currents at about 60 S by the Antarctic Convergence. In the north, a relatively small but deep Arctic Ocean is surrounded by continents, its waters coihmimicating with the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans by narrow straits, the Nansen Strait and the Bering Strait, respectively. 

Malaysia has an extensive coastal line and the country is divided between the west and east by the South China Sea. The west coast of West Malaysia shares the Straits of Malacca with Sumatra Island. The Straits of Malacca, together with the Java Sea, South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, are part of the rich marine environment of the shallow Sunda Shelf. In recent years, the Straits of Malacca has become a very important shipping route connecting the oil rich West Asia to the Far East. Shipping accidents have occurred more frequently in these shallow and narrow channels (Chua et al., 2000). The South China Sea, on the other hand, is poorly understood in terms of its marine biota, ecology, and the human impacts upon it. However, it is anticipated that anthropogenic impacts, such as the over-exploitation of marine resources and pollutions, will threaten the sea (Morton and Blackmore, 2001). 

The Tuzla Spit is an accumulative coastal topographic feature located on the eastern side of the Kerch Strait. Before 1925, it represented a uniform body attached to the Taman Peninsula and dammed the strait on the Black Sea side. At present, it consists of two parts - the island portion and that strengthened by an artificial dam. The island part of the Tuzla Spit is a narrow accumulative feature up to 500 m wide formed by two series of coastal bars. 

The Sea of Azov is the most shallow-water and one of the smallest seas of the world. Its area is 39 000 km2 at a volume of 290 km3 the average depth is 7 m with a maximum value of 14 m. It is connected with the Black Sea by the narrow (up to 4 km), and shallow-water (up to 15 m) Kerch Strait. The maximum length of the sea is 360 km at a maximum width of 180 km. The first sailing directions for the Sea of Azov (1854) were compiled by Sukhomlin, who spent two years studying the coasts of the sea. 

The Black Sea is the world s largest semienclosed marginal sea with permanent anoxic zone (about 85% of the total water volume). Its physical and chemical structure is determined by its hydrophysical balance [1]. The narrow (0.76-3.60 km) and shallow (< 93 m) Bosporus Strait provides the only pathway of water exchange between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. The sill depths of the Bosporus are 32-34 m at the southern end and 60 m at the northern end [2,3]. The seawater that flows out of the Bosporus Strait is the only source of salty water to the basin. Deep-water salinity values increase to S = 22.33 psu. Freshwater inflow from several European rivers (especially the Danube, Dniester, and Dnieper) and brackish water inflow from the Sea of Azov keep the salinity low in the surface layer (S 18.0-18.5 psu in the central region). As a result, the water column is strongly stratified with respect to salinity, and thus density. 

The decay time of 10 days is characteristic for the linear response of the Baltic fill level with respect to changes of the level in the Kattegat, resulting from the flow resistance of the narrow and shallow Danish Straits (Chapter 2.2.2). 

The major restricting factor is the ocean. Both continental coastal areas and areas of islands are exposed to cold oceanic currents. The Arctic oceanic basin is separated from the warm influence of currents from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans owing to the existence of both narrow channels like the Bering Strait and submarine ranges. 

Muinak was called the capital of the Aral fishermen. It is located on the Tokmak-Ata Island separated from the mainland only by a narrow and shallow strait. The main pride of Muinak was the fish canning plant which in those times was considered... 

S. Stanichny and D. Soloviov. Note the dramatic changes of the eastern basin area and narrowing of the strait... 

The Bohai Sea is surrounded by land to the north, west and south and is connected only to the Yellow Sea through the narrow Bohai Strait, approximately 90 km wide. Rivers empty into the Bohai Sea including the Huanghe River, Haihe River, Liaohe River, and Luanhe River. 

Harbor oscillations (coastal seiches) can also be produced by strong barotropic tidal and other currents. Such oscillations are observed in Naruto Strait, a narrow channel between the Shikoku and Awaji islands (Japan), connecting the Pacific Ocean and... 

On Wednesday, the 30th of December, we left the bay under sail, steering S.E., and having proceeded for a league and a half across a wide bay, we entered a narrow of 300 paces in width. In this strait there is a point, behind which there is a bay where there are 20 fathoms, sandy bottom, and a cable nearer the island it is stony. The bay is sheltered from the sea and from all winds. We called it the port of Ochavario . ... 

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