Interacting nanoparticle systems dipolar fields

Systems of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles randomly dispersed in a supporting medium or matrix and that interact via dipole-dipole forces (last subsection) are systems having several energetically equivalent supermoment orientational states, at given temperatures and applied fields. As such, it is relevant to compare their magnetic behaviors with both the observed behaviors of canonical SG systems (dilute magnetic alloys such as MnCu) and the theoretical predictions from overly simple SG models. This has lead to a productive examination of the effects of dipolar and other inter-particle interactions in synthetic nanoparticle model systems that is reviewed below. Hopefully, this will in turn motivate the development of more realistic theoretical models of disordered dipolar systems. 

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