N-tributyl phosphate

PEROXIDES AND PEROXIDE COMPOUNDS - ORGANIC PEROXIDES] (Vol 18) n-Tributyl phosphate [126-73-8]... 

The Acid-Thorex process has been used in recent years to recover 233U from neutron irradiated thoria targets. (] M This process uses n-tributyl-phosphate (TBP) in normal paraffin hydrocarbon (NPH) as the extractant and the relative uranium and thorium solubilities in each phase are adjusted by control of the nitric acid concentration. The Acid-Thorex process is the primary candidate for use in proposed aqueous thorium fuel cycles. In this process, uranium is separated from thorium through exploitation of the difference in equilibrium distributions since no usable valence change is available to aid in this separation. 

Alternative Names/Abbreviations n-Tributyl phosphate or tri-n-butyl phosphate, phosphoric acid tributyl ester, TBP... 

Purification or refining of rare earths. The separation of rare earths from thorium can be performed in different ways depending on the production scale. Small laboratory-scale methods used first the fractional crystalhzation of nitrates, followed by the fractional thermal decomposition of nitrates. Pilot-scale separation can be achieved by ion exchange. Large commercial-scale separation is based only on the solvent-extraction process of an aqueous nitrate solution with n-tributyl phosphate (TBP) dissolved in kerosene. 

Purification or refining. The sodium diuranate is then dissolved in hot concentrated 40 wt.% nitric acid, HNO3, to give uranyl nitrate UOjfNOj). The next step is to remove metallic impurities from the uranium by a solvent-extraction process performed on the acidified solution with a mixture of organic solvents such as n-tributyl phosphate (n-C H,)3PO dissolved at... 

Purification or refining of thorium. Thorium produced previously is too impure to be used as nuclear fuel. In fact, impurities such as rare earths and uranium, owing to their elevated thermal neutron cross sections, are objectionable. Hence, the objective of the thorium refining process is to remove these impurities until concentrations below gg/kg (i.e., ppb wt.) are reached. Solvent extraction of an aqueous thorium nitrate solution with n-tributyl phosphate (TBP) in kerosene is a common procedure to perform the refining of thorium. At the end of the purification process, the thorium is recovered in the form of an aqueous solution of thorium nitrate or crystals of hydrated thorium nitrate. 

Di-n-amyl n-amylphosphonate [6418-56-0] M 292.4, b 150-151°/2mm, n 1.4378. Purified by three crystns of its uranyl nitrate complex from hexane (see tributyl phosphate). Extracts Zr " from NaCl solns. 

Di-n-butyl cyclohexylphosphonate [ 1085-92-3] M 245.4. crystd three times from hexane. For method see tributyl phosphate. 

Di-n-butyl n-butylphosphonate [78-46-6] M 250.3, b 150-151°/10mm, 160-162°/20mm, n 1.4302. Purified by three recrystallisations of its compound with uranyl nitrate, from hexane. For method, see tributyl phosphate. 

Triisobutyl phosphate [126-71-6] M 266.3, b 119-129"/8-12mm, 192"/760mm, d 0.962, n 1.421. Purified by repeated crystallisation, from hexane, of its addition compound with uranyl nitrate, (see tributyl phosphate.) [Siddall J Am Chem Soc 81 4176 7959.]... 

Gd gestational day (Gl) = gastric intubation (GO) = gavage in oil Hemato - hematological incr. = increased IPTPP = isopropyl triphenyl phosphate LD = lethal dose, 50% kill LOAEL = lowest-observed-adverse-effect level M = male MCV = mean corpuscular volume MCHC = mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration mo = month(s) Musc/skel = musculoskeletal NOAEL = no-observed-adverse-effect level NS = not specified NTE = neurotoxic esterase RBC red blood cell Resp = respiratory TBEP = tributoxyethyl phosphate TBP = tributyl phosphate TMP = trimethyl phosphate TNBP = tri-n-butyl phosphate TOP = trioctyl phosphate wk = week(s) x = times yr = year(s). 

T. L. Morton, E. A. Murrill, J. M. Cannon, J. L. Skaptason, E. C. Bisinger, V. Reddy, R. N. Gatz, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of 14C-Tributyl Phosphate in Sprague-Dawley Rats Following Dermal, Oral and Intravenous Administration , in Proceedings of the Fifth North American ISSX Meeting , Tucson, Arizona, USA, October 17-21, 1993, p. 196. 

Campbell has studied the separation of technetium by extraction with tributyl phosphate from a mixture of fission products cooled for 200 days. Nearly complete separation of pertechnetate is achieved by extraction from 2 N sulfuric acid using a 45 % solution of tributyl phosphate in kerosene. Ruthenium interferes with the separation and is difficult to remove without loss of technetium other radioisotopes can be removed by a cation-exchange process. However, this separation procedure has not been widely applied because of the adverse influence of nitrate. 

Methyl vinyl ketone, see 2-Methyl-l, 3-butadiene Molinate sulfoxide, see Molinate Monobutyl phosphate, see Tributyl phosphate Monobutyl phthalate, see Benzyl butyl phthalate Mono-n-butyl phthalate, see Di-n-butyl phthalate Monobutyl phthalate, see Di-n-butyl phthalate Monochlorobenzidine, see 3,3 -Dichlorobenzidine Monochlorobiphenyl, see Chlorobenzene, PCB-1221, PCB-1254... 

Aliphatic Organophosphorous Compounds Aliphatic Organophosphorous Compounds Dibutyl Phosphate Tributyl Phosphate Alkanes and Cyclic Alkanes Alkanes and Cyclic Alkanes Cyclohexane Decane, n Fieptanes Fiexadecane Fiexanes... 

Solvent extraction by tributyl phosphate (TBP) (13, 96), dithizone (20, 71, 72), cupferron (89), thenoyl trifluoroacetone (TTA) (55), diiso-propyl ketone (26), mesityl oxide (92), tri-n-benzylamine and methyl di-n-octylamine (99), diisopropyl and diisobutyl carbinol (100) have all found some application on the trace scale. Acetylaeetone and methyl isobutyl ketone extract milligram amounts of polonium almost quantitatively from hydrochloric acid, but the stable polonium-organic compounds which are formed make it difficult to recover the polonium in a useful form from solutions in these ketones (7). Ion exchange (22, 115, 119) and paper chromatography (44, 87) have also been used for trace scale separations of polonium, but the effects of the intense alpha-radiation on organic com-... 

Raman spectral studies of the species [MX ]("-2)- (n = 2-4 M = Zn, Cd or Hg X = Cl, Br or I) in anhydrous tributyl phosphate have been reported.1001 For the MX2 molecules, sufficient metal dihalide-solvent interaction exists to suggest bent X—M—X species with Cjv rather than D< h symmetry. The effect appears most marked for zinc(II) and least marked for mercury(II)... 

Brewer, K.N., Herbst, R.S., Todd, T.A., Christian, J.D. 1998. Zirconium extraction into octyl-(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide and tributyl phosphate. Solvent Extr. IonExch. 16 (4) 1047-1066. 

Tripathi, S.C., Ramanujam, A., Nadkarni, M.N., Bandyopadhyay, C. 1986. Thin-layer chromatographic separation and determination of dibutylphosphoric acid in a mixture of monobutylphophoric acid and tributyl phosphate. Analyst 111 239-240. 

Uetake, N. 1987. Determination of degradation products in tributyl phosphate using 31P Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy. Analyst 112 445-448. 

Tripathi, S.C., Sumathi, S., Ramanujam, A. 1999. Effects of solvent recycling on radiolytic degradation of 30% tributyl phosphate-n dodecane-HN03 system. Sep. Sci. Technol. 34(14) 2887-2903. 

Zhang, N., Wu, J.L. 1991. Scavenger effects in the radiolysis of cyclohexane 4-methyl-4-phenyl-2-pentanone system and cyclohexane tributyl phosphate system. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 38 383-388. 

Egorov, G.F., Tkhorzhnitskii, G.P., Zilberman, B.Y., Shmidt, O.V., Goletskii, N.D. 2005. Radiation chemical behavior of tributyl phosphate, dibutylphosphoric acid, and its zirconium salt in organic solution and two-phase systems. Radiochemistry 47(4) 392-397 (Translated from Radiokhimiya 47(4) 359-363.)... 

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