N-containing compound

TLC Rp 0.55 (Merck SiOj, n-hexane EtjO HCOOH = 20 30 6, iodine) 

Indolyl-3-acetic acid (Indolyl-3-essigsaure) CioH NO (175.17) 

Crystals (CHCI3), mp 164-165 °C StL Ramalina lacera (With.) Laundon Lit Epstein et al. 1986 

Transparent rectangular prisms (EtOH), mp 190-220, 192-194 °C, according to the rate of heating, [ajp + 12.5. (CHCI3) Deriv N,0-Dimethylpicroroccellin, lustrous, transparent, elongated prisms (EtOH), mp 229 °C, by methy-lation of picroroccellin with NaOH-dimethyl sulphate in EtOH StL Roccella fuciformis (L.) DC Lit Marcuccio and Elbe 1983, 1985 

Deriv Hydrolysis of sticticin with 0.2 n KOH at 20 °C yields caflfeic acid and trimethyl-amine (odour ) 

Fruits contain 0.1-1.5% N-compounds, of which 35-75% is protein. Free amino acids are also widely distributed. Other nitrogen compounds are only minor constituents. The special value of nuts, with their high protein content, has already been outlined. 

---

A number of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases catalyzing the first hydrox-ylation step of N-containing compounds have been characterized thoroughly (e.g., carbazole [314], quinoline [327], and indole [350]). The enzyme s redox-active has been described as a molybdenum ion site coordinated to a distinct pyranopterin cofactor (two different [2Fe2S] centers) and in most cases, flavin adenine dinucleotide centers. This active center transfers electrons from the N-heterocyclic substrate to an electron acceptor, which for many molybdenum hydroxylases is still unknown [350],... 

The use of nitrogen fertilization results in higher content of N-containing compounds, including free amino acids, and also increases in terpene content in wood plants, whilst starch, total carbohydrates, phenylpropanoids and total carbon-based phytochemicals decreased (Koricheva et al., 1998). Higher levels of nitrogen favoured its uptake and increased the nitrate content of the crop, which is critical for salad vegetables and baby foods. 

NbTi multifilament wire, 23 859-860 Nb-Ti conductors, 23 829-831 N-containing compounds, kinetics of the evolution of, 19 93... 

Obstacles of ionisation interferences in the quantitative determination of the N-containing surfactants from industrial blends dissolved together with AE compounds in methanol applying FIA-MS can be minimised or even eliminated if quantification was performed in the standard addition mode. So the standard deviations (SD) observed now reached a maximum of 7% for N-containing compounds whereas AE could be quantified with a SD of 4%. In parallel, the time investment for FIA-MS quantification in the standard addition mode, however, increased considerably and reached a factor of 3-4. 

Schulten et al. [16] identified the following N-containing compounds in NH-N fractions separated from several soils by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) pyrrole (la), methyl pyrrole (lb), pyridine (IVa), methylpyridine (IVb), indole (Via), and benzothiazole (XI). The Roman numerals refer to the chem-... 

Canton, J.H., Sloof W., Kool, H.J., Struys, J., Pouw, Th. J.M., Wegman.R.C.C., and Piet, G.J. Toxicity, biodegradability, and accumulation of a number of Cl/N-containing compounds for classification and establishing water quality criteria, Reg. Toxicol. Pharm., 5 123-131, 1985. 

N-containing compounds, whether saturated or not, have higher solubilities than hydrocarbons in [BMIMJBFq, as shown in Table V. Remarkably, the aromatic N-compounds are fully miscible with these ionic liquids (29,89). 

The mass spectra of Aristolochia N-containing compounds were first reported by Pailer et al., who studied the electron impact-induced fragmentation of the esters of aristolochic acids. They found that the nitro radical is very easily split off from the molecular ion, giving the base peak (M — 46) +, and then the CH3, CO, etc. were removed. Pailer etal. concluded the fragmentation was as shown in Scheme 3 (26). 

Smith, I. K. Evidence for o-acetyl-serine in Nicotiana tabacum. Phytochemistry 1977 16 1293-1294. Ishiguro, S., and S. Sugawara. Comparison of volatile N-containing compounds in the smoke of Lamina and Midrib of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Agr Biol Chem 1977 41 377. Chuman, T., M. Noguchi, A. Okhubo, and S. Toda. The structure of a novel... 

Examples of other N-containing compounds, and the amino acids from which they are synthesized... 

Distribution of the N-Containing Compounds at the End of the Reaction. The distribution of nitrogen among NH3 and amines is shown in Table I. The results are expressed in relative mole percent. The results between brackets must be considered approximate. 

A large number of N-containing compounds of low molecular weight are not precipitated with proteins by 12% trichloroacetic acid. Some small peptides are included in this group. These nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) constituents aggregate about 1 g/liter and account for about 6% of the total N (i.e., 250-350 mg of N per liter). The principal NPN components are listed in Table 1.6 (Wolfschoon-Pombo and Kloster-meyer 1981). The wide variations in concentrations that have been reported for these constituents probably arise from the fact that many of them are metabolites of amino acids and nucleic acids and from the fact that their concentrations in milk depend on the amounts of those substances consumed by the cow. 

Solid heteropoly compounds are suitable oxidation catalysts for various reactions such as dehydrogenation of O- and N-containing compounds (aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ketones, nitriles, and alcohols) as well as oxidation of aldehydes. Heteropoly catalysts are inferior to Mo-Bi oxide-based catalysts for the allylic oxidation of olefins, but they are much better than these for oxidation of methacrolein (5). Mo-V mixed-oxide catalysts used commercially for the oxidation of acrolein are not good catalysts for methacrolein oxidation. The presence of an a-methyl group in methacrolein makes the oxidation difficult (12). The oxidation of lower paraffins such as propane, butanes, and pentanes has been attempted (324). Typical oxidation reactions are listed in Table XXXI and described in more detail in the following sections. 

Some 13C NMR spectra have been studied in a similar way,138 whereas the 14N NMR spectrum of indolizine has been recorded among those of a large number of other N-containing compounds.127... 

At least SO genera including some 7S species are known to be alkaloidal benzylisoquinolines, aporphines, berberines, and a variety of other N-containing compounds arc found throughout the family. Recent reviews of some of these constituents are available (Cave et al., 1989 Waterman, 1985 Zhong and Xie, 1988). The following record of positive alkaloid tests was obtained from 240 samples comprising 155 species. 

Alkaloids are known for some 25 genera (35 species) in the family coniine, hydroxylryptamine, berberines, and an assortment of other N-containing compounds has been identified. 

The reduction of double bond-containing functionalities, especially alkenes and carbonyl compounds, is an important methodology used in synthetic elaboration. In this section the stereocontrolled reduction of aldehydes, ketones and C=N-containing compounds and the catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes are covered, among other reductions. The emphasis here is placed on stereocontrolled reactions. 

Treatment of benzothiete with a wide range of C=N-containing compounds gives good yields of 1,3-benzothiazines (equation 206)722. If the C=N double bond is already part of... 

Amino acids, amino groups, amino sugars, and nucleic acid derivatives usually account for >95% of the organic N in soils (Anderson et al., 1989), and many other N-containing compounds have been reported in trace amounts (Stevenson, 1994). Anderson et al. (1989) have found traces of L-phosphatidic acid, choline, ethanol-amine, and uric acid (the end product of N metabolism of many animals), which can be oxidized to allantoin, cyanuric acid, and urea. 

In all cases where complete elemental analyses have been found, samples were isolated by SPE using XAD resins. As discussed earlier, this method isolates mainly hydrophobic organic compounds from seawater and is strongly biased against N-containing compounds. Polar ionic solutes have little or no affinity for XAD resins. There are perhaps more published results than have been found in this review, but the data in Table 11.4 are hopefully representative of elemental analyses for isolated samples of marine DOM. For reference, two calculated estimates of the bulk chemical composition of marine phytoplankton are included in Table 11.4. All elemental compositions in Table 11.4 are expressed as molar quantities in Redfield format, using an empirical formula that contains 106 moles of C. 

---