Mycobacterium fortuitum

Mycobacterium fortuitum NRRL B-8119 9a-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-4,17-dione Upjohn... 

Uotila JS, VH Kitunen, T Saastamoinen, T Coote, MM Haggblom, MS Salkinoja-Salonen (1992). Characterization of aromatic dehalogenases of Mycobacterium fortuitum CG-2. J Bacterial 174 5669-5675. 

The metabolism of pentafluoro-, pentachloro-, and pentabromophenol by Mycobacterium fortuitum strain CG-2 is initiated by a monooxygenase that carries out hydroxylation at the para position (Uotila et al. 1992). Cell extracts of Rhodococcus chiorophenoiicus Mycobacterium chlorophenolicunt) strain PCP-1 in the presence of a reductant transformed tetrafluoro-, tetrachloro-, and tetrabromohydroquinone to 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene by reactions that clearly involve both hydrolytic and reductive loss of fluorine (Uotila et al. 1995). 

Uotila JS, VH Kitunen, T Saastamoinen, T Coote, MM Hagblom, M Salkinoja-Salonen (1992) Characterization of aromatic dehalogenases of Mycobacterium fortuitum CG-2. J Bacteriol 174 5669-5675. van der Tweel WJJ, JB Kok, JAM de Bont (1987) Reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorohenzoate to 4-chlorobenzoate and hydrolytic dehalogenation of 4-chloro-, 4-hromo-, and 4-iodohenzoate hyAcalig-enes denitrificans NTB-1. App/ Environ Microbiol 53 810-815. 

Mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Myco-bac-terium leprae, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium fortuitum-M, Mycobacterium chelonae, and a few others are pathogenic organisms that cause very serious diseases in humans. The characteristic feature of mycobacteria is their high content of lipids (about 40% of their mass), and they are primarily located on the outer bacterial membrane. 

Toth EL, Boychuk LR, Kirkland PA. Recurrent infection of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion sites with Mycobacterium fortuitum. Diabetes Care 1995 18(9) 1284-5. 

Not all mycobacterial infections are caused by M. tuberculosis or M. leprae. These atypical mycobacteria require treatment with secondary medications as well as other chemotherapeutic agents. For example, M. marinum causes skin granulomas, and effective drugs in the treatment of infection are rifampin or minocycline. Mycobacterium fortuitum causes skin ulcers and the medications recommended for treatment are ethambutol, cycloserine, and rifampin in combination with amikacin. 

These mutants are protected by several patent publications, e.g., Mycobacterium species CBS174 obtained from Mycobacterium species NRRL, Mycobacterium vaccae ZIMET 11052175 obtai ned from M. vaccae NRRL-B-3805, Mycobacterium roseum sp. nov. 1108/1 176, and Mycobacterium fortuitum NRRL-B-8119177 obtained from M.fortuitum ATCC 6842. Furthermore, Mycobacterium fortuitum NRRL-B-12433178, a double mutant obtained from M. fortuitum NRRL-B-8119, is able to partially degrade the side chain of sitosterol (7), with concomitant 9a-hydroxylation, to give the pregnadiene-20-carboxylic acid 8. 

Other products were 7(3-hydroxydigitoxin and 7(3-hydroxydigoxin. Microbial transformation of [16oc-3H]-precursors gave [16a-3H]androstenedione and [16a-3H]-oestradiol.244 It was reported that Tenebrio molitor was able to convert the 247 ,285-isofucosterol epoxide into cholesterol more readily than the 245,287 -isomer, whereas no significant difference was observed for the reactivities of the 24,28-fucosterol epoxides.245 Incubation of phytosterol mixtures with a mutant strain of Mycobacterium fortuitum resulted246 in the accumulation of novel 24-oxo-steroids... 

Wayne, L.G. 1961. Recognition of Mycobacterium fortuitum by means of the 3-day phenolphthalein sulfatase test. Am. ]. Clin. Pathol. 36 185-187. 

Mycobacterium fortuitum/chelonae complex Mycobacterium marinum (balnei)... 

Butt, A. A. (1998). Cervical adenitis due to Mycobacterium fortuitum in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Am. J. Med. Sci. 315,50-55. 

The drug is the durg of choice in the treatment of ehloera, relapsing fever, granuloma inguinale and infeetions produced by rickettsia, Borrelia, Mycobacterium fortuitum and marinum, and Chlamydia psittaci and trachomatis (except pneumonia and inclusion conjunctivitis). 

Compound 223f exhibited a significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and 223g revealed the best product tested against Mycobacterium fortuitum with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 32 pg/mL. 

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