Mycobacterium bovis BCG

Tuberculocidal Test. The tubercle bacillus is resistant to disinfectants because the cells are protected with a waxy coating that is not readily penetrated. The tuberculocidal test is a use dilution practical type test that employs porcelain cylinders. The bacteria are different from those in the use dilution method (Table 10), the incubation time is longer, and the details of the procedure are different. For example, in the tuberculocidal test the test is divided into two parts, a presumptive test and a confirmatory test. The former employs Mycobacterium smegmatis and the latter employs Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). For the presumptive test the incubation time is 12 days, as against 48 hours for other bacteria used in the use-dilution method. For the confirmatory test the incubation time is 60 days, with an additional 30 days in case there is no growth. As shown in Table 10, the concentrations of the phenol standard are higher than used with other bacteria. 

Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) Mycobacterium intracellulare Mycobacterium lepraemurium Mycobacterium smegmatis Salmonella typhimurium Candida albicans Cryptococcus neoformans Leishmania donovani Toxoplasma gondii... 

Kataoka, T., Yamamoto, S., Yamamoto, T., Kuramoto, E., Kimura, Y., Yano, O. and Tokunaga, T. (1992) Antitumor activity of synthetic oligonucleotides with sequences from cDNA encoding proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 83,244-247. 

Tokunaga, T., Yamamoto, H., Shimada, S., Abe, H., Fukuda, T., Fujisawa, Y. et al. (1984) Antitumor activity of deoxyribonucleic acid traction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. I. Isolation, physicochemical characterization, and antitumor activity. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 72, 955-962. 

Materials. The silver composition of the present invention comprised 10 ppm silver in water. The silver composition was evaluated employing a liquid to liquid matrix against Mycobacterium bovis BCG (TMC 1028). This organism causes tuberculosis in animals and can cause tuberculosis in humans. It is used as a stand-in for M. tuberculosis, the major cause of human tuberculosis, as tests have shown it to have a similar susceptibility to M. tuberculosis. The test organism was exposed to the silver composition in duplicate at four exposure times and quantified using membrane filtration. 

Dong Y, et al. Effect of fluoroquinolone concentration on selection of resistant mutants of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1999, 43, 1756-1758. 

Molecular analysis of genetic differences between Mycobacterium bovis BCG and virulent M. bovis. J. Bacteriol. 178,... 

Schuller S, Neeles J, Ottenhoff T et al. Coronin is involved in uptake of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in human macrophages but not in phagosome maintenance. Cell Microbiol 2001 3(12) 785-793. 

Brosch, R., S. V. Gordon, C. Buchrieser, A. S. Pym, T. Gamier, and S. T. Cole. 2000. Comparative genomics uncovers large tandem chromosomal duplications in Mycobacterium bovis BCG Pasteur. Yeast 17 111-23. 

Green, S. J., Nacy, C. A., Schreiber, R. D., Granger, D. L., Crawford, R. M., Meltzer, M. S., and Foster, A. H. (1993). Neutralization of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha blocks in vivo synthesis of nitrogen oxides from L-arginine and protection against Francisella tularensis infection in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-treated mice. Infect. Immun. 61, 689-698. 

Mahairas, G.G., Sabo, P.J., Hickey, M.J., Singh, D.C., and Stover, C.K. 1996, Molecular analysis of genetic differences between Mycobacterium bovis BCG and virulent M. bovis. 

Urquhart, B.L., Atsalos, T.E., Roach, D., Basseal, D.J., BjeUqvist, B., Britton, W.L., and Humphery-Smith, I. 1997, Proteomic contigs of Mycohacterium tuherculosis and Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) using novel immobilised pH gradients. Electrophoresis 18 ... 

Rezayan, P. Azerang, S. Sardari, A. Sarvary, Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2012, 80,929-936. Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin derivatives as inhibitors of mycobacterium bovis (BCG), (c) A. Shaabani, A. Sarvary, E. Soleimani, A. H. Rezayan, M. Heidary, Mo/. Divers. 2008,12,197-202. A novel method for the synthesis of snbstitnted 3,4-dihydro-coumarin derivatives via isocyanide-based three-component reaction, (d) A. Shaabani, E. Soleimani, A. H. Rezayan, A. Sarvary, H. R. Khavasi, Org. Lett. 2008, 10, 2581-2584. Novel isocyanide-based four-component reaction a facile synthesis of fuUy substituted 3,4-dihydrocoumarin derivatives. 

A.M. Balazuc, et al.. In vivo efficiency of targeted norfloxacin against persistent, isoniazid-insensitive, Mycobacterium bovis BCG present in the physiologically hypoxic mouse liver. Microbes and Infection, 7 (7-8), 969-975, 2005. 

Li, M.-S., Monahan, I.M., Waddell, S.f. et al. (2001) cDNA-RNA subtractive hybridisation reveals increased expression of mycocerosic acid synthase in intracellular Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Microbiology, 147, 2293-2305. 

Shimada S, Yano O, Inoue H et al (1985) Antitumor activity of the DNA fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. II. Effects on various syngeneic mouse tumors. J Natl Cancer Inst 74 681-688... 

Yamamoto S, Kuramoto E, Shimada S et al (1988) In vitro augmentation of natural killer cell activity and production of interferon-alpha/beta and -gamma with deoxyribonucleic acid fraction from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Jpn J Cancer Res 79 866-873... 

Tokunaga T, Yano O, Kuramoto E et al (1992) Synthetic oligonucleotides with particular base sequences from the cDNA encoding proteins of Mycobacterium bovis BCG induce interferons and activate natural killer cells. Microbiol Immunol 36 55-66... 

Rezayan, A. H. Azerang, P Sardari, S. Sarvary, A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin derivatives as inhibitors of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2012,80,929-936. 

---