Municipal refuse composition

Mumma RO, Raupach DC, Sahadewan K, et al. 1991. Variation in the elemental composition of municipal refuse incinerator ashes with time of sampling. Chemosphere 23 391-395. 

Table V. Composition of the Eluates of Pyrolysis Slag from Experiments with Municipal Refuse...

Basis for Plant Design. The composition of municipal refuse is assumed as shown in Table III. The municipal refuse has the lower calorific value of ca. 1,500 Kcal/Kg. Plant size of 600 T/D is assumed. The capital investment costs, utilities, etc. were calculated using contacts with equipment vendors. Cost for repairs are assumed to be two percent of the plant construction cost per year. Unit costs of utilities and unit prices of recovered energy and material are assumed, based on the actual prices in 1979. Ash and other residues disposal cost is assumed to be 2,450 Yen/T, taking note of the representative cost data of large cities in Japan, The grant available to a municipality is assumed to pay up to fifty percent of the capital investment. The remaining investment cost must be amortized in fifteen years with the interest rate of six percent. 

Pyrolysis of Pulp and Paper Sludge. The filter cake containing about 80% moisture was supplied for the cracking reactor without predrying. Heavy oil was fed to the incinerator as the auxiliary fuel. This is different from the case of municipal refuse, but the combustible gas composition and calorific value, flue gas composition and ash were similar to that of municipal refuse. The chemical analysis of combustible gas and flue gas are shown in Tables IX and X. 

Composition of Municipal Refuse. The experiment was carried out with municipal refuse, as well as with a simulated unclassified municipal refuse prepared by admixing the classified municipal refuse with plastics, glass, metals, etc. The compositions of the respective refuse are shown in Table I. 

Co-disposal of Scrap Tire and Refuse. The experiment was carried out with shreded tires mixed with municipal refuse. The composition of the samples of produced gases from pyrolysis furnace are as shown in Table VI. 

Within waste disposed to landfill, vegetable matter, paper and cardboard and to some extent, textiles are all biodegradable. Although, as shown in Table 6, the composition of municipal refuse varies from country to country and will vary from season to season. In the developed world it typically contains about... 

A typical refuse composition shown in Table 8.10 indicates that in the U.S., paper, yard waste, and food waste are the predominating refuse components. Table 8.11 shows the mean composition of municipal refuse in the U.S. the standard deviations, also listed, indicate the variations that one might expect. 

Estimate of National Annual Average Composition of Municipal Refuse ... 

Keywords Refused Derived Fuels (RDF), Dry Stabilization Process (DSP), Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Waste composition, Waste amount, Heating value, Emission Factor (EF)... 

States in 2001 the rate was about 2 kg (4.4 lb) per capita per day, or nearly 208 Tg (229 M short tons) per year. Table 24-4 shows that the composition of miscellaneous refuse is fairly uniform, but size and moisture variations cause major difficulties in efficient, economical disposal. The fuel value of municipal solid wastes is usually sufficient to enable self-supporting combustion, leaving only the incombustible residue and reducing by 90 percent the volume of waste consigned to landfill. The heat released by the combustion of waste can be recovered and utilized, although this is not always economically feasible. 

The Clean Air Act of 1990 has made trace metal content in fuels and wastes the final ash-related compositional characteristic of significance. Considerable attention is paid (ca 1993) to emissions of such metals as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, and zinc. The concentration of these metals in both grate ash and flyash is of significance as a result of federal and state requirements of particular importance is the mobility of metals. This mobility, and the consequent toxicity of the ash product, is determined by the Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (tclp) test. Tables 8—10 present trace metal contents for wood wastes and agricultural wastes, municipal waste, and refuse-derived fuel, respectively. In Table 8, the specific concentration of various components in the RDF governs the expected average concentration of trace metals. 

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