Multicultural examples

An alternative to assimilation is to make clear to students that they may cross the sociological border into science with their cultural identity both intact and, perhaps, valued. This is a specific goal of the work of Middlecamp and Subramaniam (1999). Within the biological sciences, including gender as a specific component of course content is a more obvious move than in chemistry (Birke 2001). There are more studies in which a connection of chemistry to sociology occurs through the lens of race and ethnicity, for example, in the Project Inclusion work of Hayes and Perez (1997) and the multicultural examples developed by Middlecamp and Fernandez (1999). 

To date, studies of the effects of busing have produced inconclusive results. Some studies report improved achievement of minority students but under certain conditions. For example, if their education began early in a desegregated school with a multicultural curriculum. However, other studies report negative effects on minority student achievement - especially when the minority students are... 

As an example of the continued difficulty to achieve inclusion in organizations, a 2012 study conducted by the Center for Talent Innovation on the impact of sponsorship in advancing multicultural employees found that over one-third of African Americans and Hispanics and 45 percent of Asians reported a need to compromise their authenticity to conform to their company s standards of demeanor or style. In addition, about one-fifth of Hispanics, one-third of African Americans, and 29 percent of Asians in the study reported that a person of color would never get a top position at my company (Hewlett, Jackson, Cose, Emerson, 2012, p. 2). 

The attention to diversity logically led to a focus on inclusive curricula, as colleges and universities responded to student demands for meaningful and relevant courses for example, through African American and women s studies, and later through the infusion of multicultural content throughout all academic... 

It is also important that the accountability and reward systems for faculty and staff include attention to diversity and inclusion, such that employees are evaluated based in part on their effectiveness with respect to the university s diversity and inclusion action plan and their success in incorporating diversity awareness, knowledge, and skills into their everyday assignments and tasks. As an example, at Alliant, after adoption of the university diversity plan, the provost worked with the faculty senate to amend the criteria for faculty advancement and promotion to include the degree to which faculty incorporate multicultural and international topics and issues in their teaching and scholarship. In their annual self-study, faculty are asked to discuss whether and how their work has integrated multicultural and international issues, and their program directors, deans, and peer reviewers consider this in the evaluation decision. 

As an example, at Alliant, with support from the associate provost for research and scholarship, my office sponsored a mentoring program in which senior faculty parmer with junior faculty to assist the latter in publishing a manuscript that focuses on or substantively engages multicultural or international issues. The mentors were provided a small stipend for their work, and the mentees received a stipend if their manuscript was submitted by a designated deadline. My office provided an orientation and support to the mentors and mentees and gave some structure to the process. 

Will Kymlicka persuasively argues that national assimilation is hard and, even on the utilitarian scale, is not a sacrifice we can require minorities to make, unless they choose its willingly. Immigrants, for example, wiUingly choose a different national culture and hence forfeit the option to remain in their initial culture they can justifiably be expected to assimilate. WUl Kymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship, Chapter 5. 

Internet fraud has been widely identified across the global as one of the fastest growing and most pervasive forms of white collar crime. The multicultural and multinational nature of e-business has resulted in diverse views on how the cyberspace should be regulated and how cyber ethics should be enforced. For example, encryption of data transmission over the internet is an effective means of curbing e-business abuses. But many third world countries are still not in favor of this practice. On die other hand, investigation and prosecution of internet abuses usually require cooperation of law enforcement authorities from two or more nations. The lack of cooperation from any one of these nations will make it impossible to prosecute the cyber criminals who will in turn continue to pose threats in the e-business arena. Till the world reaches an agreement on how the cyber space should be regulated, companies with e-business activities from all industries have to contend with cyber ethic issues for many years to come. 

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