Mouth coating

Another feature contributed to foods by fats and oils is mouthfeel. Mouthfeel is a difficult attribute to emulate since it appears to be a combination of several factors including viscosity, body, lubricity, and mouth coating. There are effects on the cheeks, tongue, and back of the throat. Other mouthfeel properties include resistance to chewing or change in viscosity during mastication, and other factors yet to be identified. 

The choice of starch can affect mouthfeel. Tapioca starch, highly stabilized products, and unmodified waxy maize starch are thought to contribute more mouth coating and prolonged residence on the palate. Starch hydrolyzates are used for mouthfeel... 

Mouth-coating is a measure of how the melting ice cream coats the inside of the mouth on or just after swallowing. 

The most important role of the fat in ice cream is to stabilize the air bubbles. This is discussed in the next section. Fat also has several other functions. Firstly, it has a major effect on the sensory properties such as thickness and mouth-coating. This is why premium ice creams contain more fat than standard ones. Secondly, some flavour molecules are soluble in oil but not in water. Thirdly, the solid fat particles increase the matrix viscosity, and hence reduce the rate of meltdown. The greater the fat content and the extent of partial coalescence, the slower the meltdown. Figure 7.13 shows meltdown curves for ice creams with... 

Matrix volume fraction, stabilizer and fat content Viscosity when melting Thickness, mouth coating, gumminess... 

Withers, C., Gosney, M. A. and Methven, L. (2013). Perception of thickness, mouth coating and mouth drying of dairy beverages by younger and older volunteers. Journal of Sensory Studies, 28, 230-237. 

Disclosing waxes or pressure indicating pastes, are used in fitting a dental appHance to estabhsh the location and extent of high spots or pressure areas, as on impressions and complete dentures. They are very soft, salve-like compositions that are painted onto the tissue side of an impression or denture. When the wax-coated denture is seated in the mouth, the soft paste is forced out of the areas showing hard contact between the denture and the mucous membrane. These areas on the denture can be easily marked and material removed from the denture to reheve the premature or hard contact. 

Shark cartilage 3 tablets by mouth daily Enteric-coated aspirin 81 mg by mouth daily Ginseng 2 tablets by mouth daily... 

Enteric-coated MPA (Myfortic ) 720 mg by mouth twice Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal 180 mg = 2.53... 

A number of the water-soluble polymers also have adhesive properties which are being extensively evaluated for drug delivery (9). These polymers will adhere to the mucous coating in the gastrointestinal tract, the nose, and the mouth to delay passage and sustain drug release. Those polymers with the best adhesive properties are those with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Table II lists some of the bioadhesive polymers and their adhesive properties. 

Another approach is that of bioadhesive materials. The principle is to administer a device with adhesive polymers having an affinity for the gastric surface, most probably the mucin coat [12]. Bioadhesives have demonstrated utility in the mouth, eye, and vagina, with a number of commercially available products. To date, use of bioadhesives in oral drug delivery is a theoretical possibility, but no promising leads have been published. 

CP coat protein CtxB cholera toxin B subunit scFv single chain Fv antibody fragment TMOF trypsin modulating oostatic factor MAB monoclonal antibody GFP green fluorescent protein CPV Canine parvovirus BHV Bovine herpes virus FMDV Foot and mouth disease virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HRV Human rhino Virus MEV Mink enteritis virus MHV Murine hepatitis virus MV Measles virus RSV Respiratory syncytial virus... 

We also include in this class of quasi-2D nanostructured materials Titania deposited inside ordered mesoporous silica (because an inner coating of mesoporous silica may be realized), or nano-dot type Titania particles well dispersed in the ordered porous matrix. We do not consider here solids which contain linear or zig-zag type TiOTiO-nanowires in a microcrystalline porous framework, such as ETS-4 and ETS-10, notwithstanding the interest of these materials also as photocatalysts,146-151 because these nanowires are located inside the host matrix, and not fully accessible from the gas reactants (the reactivity is essentially at pore mouth). 

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