Morpholine urea

Iron Dextran Complex Insulin Interferon-a2b Interleukin-2 Interleukin-6 Iodoacetate Irinotecan Iron chelate Isosafrole Itraconazole Ivermectin Ixabepilone Jateorhizine Jatrorrhizine Josamycin K02 (morpholine-urea-Phe-Hphe-vinylsulfone) KP018 K-2-11 (amphiphilic dihydropyridine antioxidant derivative) Kaempferol Kampo medicines Kansui Kava kava (Piper methysticum) ... 

The reaction of morpholine enamine of cyclohexanone with 1 mole of phenyl isocyanate has been reported (30,31) to give the monoadduet (49), consisting largely of the trisubstituted isomer, and with 2 moles of phenyl isocyanate, the bis adduct (50). That the bis adduct is a dicarboxyanilide rather than a urea derivative (32) such as 51 was shown by its mild hydrolysis to the ketone (52). Reaction of the morpholine enamine of 2-methylcyclo-... 

An alternative sequence utilized 2-oxazolidone, which was readily synthesized from urea and ethanolamine, as the glycine equivalent. Subsequent treatment with phosphorous acid and formaldehyde produced iV-phosphonomethyl-2-oxazolidone 12 (16). Upon hydrolysis, and loss of CO2,12 provided the related derivative, iV-phosphonomethylethanolamine 13, which was oxidized at high temperature with a variety of metal catalysts including cadmium oxide (16) or Raney copper (17) to give GLYH3, after acidification. A similar oxidation route has also been reported starting from iV-phosphonomethy 1-morpholine (18). 

As yet, a number of experiments have failed to convert ureas 205 such as N-phenylurea or imidazolin-2-one by silylation amination with excess amines R3NHR4 such as benzylamine or morpholine and excess HMDS 2 as well as equivalent amounts of NH4X (for X=C1, I) via the silylated intermediates 206 and 207 in one reaction step at 110-150°C into their corresponding guanidines 208 with formation of NH3 and HMDSO 7 [35] (Scheme 4.13). This failure is possibly due to the steric repulsion of the two neighbouring bulky trimethylsilyl groups in the assumed activated intermediate 207, which prevents the formation of 207 in the equilibrium with 206. Thus the two step Rathke-method, which demands the prior S-alkylation of 2-thioureas followed by amination with liberation of alkyl-mercaptans, will remain one of the standard syntheses of guanidines [21, 35a,b,c]. 

The last example focuses not on the functionalization of heterocycles by a transition metal mediated carbon-heteroatom bond forming reaction, but the palladium catalyzed conversion of primary amines, including amino-heterocycles, into urea derivatives. A representative example, shown in 8.38., includes the reaction of an amino-carbazole derivative with morpholine, carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of catalytic amounts of palladium(II) iodide. The formation of the urea moiety proceeds with great selectivity and in high yield.49 The reaction works equally well for primary aliphatic and aromatic amines. 

The densities and volumetric specific heats of some alkali halides and tetraalkylammonium bromides were undertaken in mixed aqueous solutions at 25°C using a flow digital densimeter and a flow microcalorimeter. The organic cosolvents used were urea, p-dioxane, piperadine, morpholine, acetone, dime thy Isulf oxide, tert-butanol, and to a lesser extent acetamide, tetrahydropyran, and piperazine. The electrolyte concentration was kept at 0.1 m in all cases, while the cosolvent concentration was varied when possible up to 40 wt %. From the corresponding data in pure water, the volumes and heat capacities of transfer of the electrolytes from water to the mixed solvents were determined. The converse transfer functions of the nonelectrolyte (cosolvent) at 0.4m from water to the aqueous NaCl solutions were also determined. These transfer functions can be interpreted in terms of pair and higher order interactions between the electrolytes and the cosolvent. 

The cosolvents chosen for this study were urea (U), acetone (ACT), di-methylsulfoxide (DMSO), p-dioxane (D), piperidine (PD), morpholine (M), terf-butanol (TBA), and to a lesser extent acetamide (ACM). The study of the binary system was also extended to piperazine (PZ) and tetrahydropyran (THP). This choice of cosolvents is sufficiently varied to allow an examination of the various factors which influence the transfer functions. 

The results show that a number of ruthenium carbonyl complexes are effective for the catalytic carbonylation of secondary cyclic amines at mild conditions. Exclusive formation of N-formylamines occurs, and no isocyanates or coupling products such as ureas or oxamides have been detected. Noncyclic secondary and primary amines and pyridine (a tertiary amine) are not effectively carbonylated. There appears to be a general increase in the reactivity of the amines with increasing basicity (20) pyrrolidine (pKa at 25°C = 11.27 > piperidine (11.12) > hexa-methyleneimine (11.07) > morpholine (8.39). Brackman (13) has stressed the importance of high basicity and the stereochemistry of the amines showing high reactivity in copper-catalyzed systems. The latter factor manifests itself in the reluctance of the amines to occupy more than two coordination sites on the cupric ion. In some of the hydridocar-bonyl systems, low activity must also result in part from the low catalyst solubility (Table I). 

A related oxycarbonylation of secondary amines to A/ JV-disubstituted ureas in the presence of copper(I) salts at room temperature and atmospheric pressure has been disclosed by Brackman.6263 The reaction is particularly effective with cyclic secondary amines such as piperidine and morpholine (equation 293), with primary and aliphatic secondary amines being much less reactive.6263... 

Methyl thiophenol fensulfothion, sulfoprofos Methyl thiopseudo urea guazatine, hexazinone 4 Methyl thiosemi carbazide thiazafluron Methyl thio urea tebuthiuron, thiazafluron Monobromo benzene chlorbromuron Monochloro acetic acid see Chloro acetic acid Morpholine dimethomorph, ethofumesate, nipyraclofen Mucochloric acid chloridazon, norflurazon, pyridaben... 

In the case of non-electrolytes, such as urea, mannitol, sucrose, glycine and other amino-acids (ampholytes), and morpholine, the apparent molal heat content is a linear function of the molality m and not of or is a more complicated function, quadratic or cubic, of m. 

Compound 138 in aqueous alkaline solution (a) is slowly hydrolyzed to the urea 150 via 149, whereas reaction with morpholine (b) yields 151 (Scheme 56) (79H815). 

NITROCARBOL (75-52-5) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 95°F/35°C). Thermally unstable. Shock, friction, pressure, or elevated temperature above 599°F/315°C can cause explosive decomposition, especially if confined. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkyl metal halides, diethylaluminum bromide, formic acid, methylzinc iodide. Contact with acids, bases, acetone, aluminum powder, amines, bis(2-aminoethyl)amine, haolforms make this material more sensitive to explosion. Reacts, possibly violently, with ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium hypochlorite, 1,2-diaminomethane, formaldehyde, hexamethylbenzene, hydrocarbons, hydroxides, lithium perchlorite, m-methyl aniline, nickel peroxide, nitric acid, metal oxides, potassium hydride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydride. Mixtures with ammonia, aniline, diethylenetriamine, metal oxides, methyl amine, morpholine, phosphoric acid, silver nitrate form shock-sensitive compounds. Forms high-explosive compound with urea perchlorate. Mixtures with hydrocarbons and other combustible materials can cause fire and explosions. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings. 

---