Monoclonal antibodies application

Roberts G.D., Johnson W.P., Burman S., Anumula K.R., and Carr S.A. (1995), An integrated strategy for structural characterization of the protein and carbohydrate components of monoclonal antibodies application to anti-respiratory syncytial virus MAb, Anal. Chem. 67, 3613-3625. 

Spooner, R A and Lord, J. M. (1991) Expression of antibody-ricin A chain fusions in mammalian cells, in Monoclonal Antibodies Applications in Clinical Oncology (Epenetos, A A., ed), Chapman and Hall Medical, New York, pp 65-77... 

Al. Adachi, T., Usami, Y., Kishi, T., Hirano, K., and Hayashi, K., An enzyme immunoassay for cuprozinc superoxide dismutase using monoclonal antibodies Application for pharmacokinetic study. J. Immunol. Methods 109, 93-101 (1988). 

A Adam, et al. Radioimmunoassay for albuterol using a monoclonal antibody— Application for direct quantification in horse urine. J Immunoassay 11 329, 1990. 

S. Ferrone M. P. Dierich, Eds., "Handbook of Monoclonal Antibodies. Applications in Biology and Medicine", Noyes Data Corp., Park Ridge, NJ, 1985. 

The first mouse monoclonal antibody specific for human CD3 was produced in 1979 and named orthoclone OKT3. Aside from its use in the laboratory, OKT3 became the first anti-CD3 antibody to be utilized in transplantation medicine, but its wider application was hampered by its immunogenic and mitogenic properties (reviewed in [6]). Consequently, humanized and engineered anti-CD3 antibodies were developed to circumvent these limitations (Table 1). Since T cells and the TCR are involved in many immunological diseases, it is not surprising that the application of CD3 antibodies is not restricted to the field of transplantation. For example, CD3 antibodies are tested in clinical studies of diseases such as autoimmune diabetes (type 1 diabetes), immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease [7]. 

Monoclonal antibodies are very sensitive, specific reagents and have applications in many areas of the biological sciences. They revolutionized immunology within a few years of their discovery. 

The investigation and characterization of cell surfaces by probing with monoclonal antibodies is one of the most vital areas of application. In this context they have been used in the following ways ... 

A.M. Campbell, Monoclonal Antibody and Immunosensor Technology the Production and Application of Rodent and Human Monoclonal Antibodies, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1991). 

J.W. Goding, Monoclonal Antibodies Principles and Practice Production and Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Cell Biology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Academic Press, London (1996). 

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) can be considered to be a variant of reversed phase chromatography, in which the polarity of the mobile phase is modulated by adjusting the concentration of a salt such as ammonium sulfate. The analyte, which is initially adsorbed to a hydrophobic phase, desorbs as the ionic strength is decreased. One application demonstrating extraordinary selectivity was the separation of isoforms of a monoclonal antibody differing only in the inclusion of a particular aspartic acid residue in the normal, cyclic, or iso forms.27 The uses and limitations of hydrophobic interaction chromatography in process-scale purifications are discussed in Chapter 3. 

Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry has taken on an increasingly important role in the diagnosis of leukemia. Owing to the ease of application, sensitivity, and quantifiable results, flow cytometry is the preferred method for lineage assignment.7 This approach takes advantage of the development of monoclonal antibodies... 

Faude, U. C. Hofle, M. G. Development and application of monoclonal antibodies for in situ detection of indigenous bacterial strains in aquatic ecosystems. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1997, 63,4534-4542. 

The 1980 s and the early 1990 s have seen the blossoming development of the biotechnology field. Three-phase fluidized bed bioreactors have become an essential element in the commercialization of processes to yield products and treat wastewater via biological mechanisms. Fluidized bed bioreactors have been applied in the areas of wastewater treatment, discussed previously, fermentation, and cell culture. The large scale application of three-phase fluidized bed or slurry bubble column fermen-tors are represented by ethanol production in a 10,000 liter fermentor (Samejima et al., 1984), penicillin production in a 200 liter fermentor (Endo et al., 1986), and the production of monoclonal antibodies in a 1,000 liter slurry bubble column bioreactor (Birch et al., 1985). Fan (1989) provides a complete review of biological applications of three-phase fluidized beds up to 1989. Part II of this chapter covers the recent developments in three-phase fluidized bed bioreactor technology. 

Goel et al.18 49 archival stained Pap smears De-stained Microwave AR Monoclonal antibodies to MIB-1 and PCNA Simple, reliable, and easily applicable. 

Schlom, J. (1986) Basic principles and applications of monoclonal antibodies in the management of carcinomas. Cancer Res. 46, 3225. 

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