Reagent Specifications

The 30% reagent-grade hydrogen peroxide is purer than the industrial grades, is covered by ACS reagent specification, and is used as a laboratory reagent and in some specialty uses (see Fine chemicals). Several grades are also marketed for electronics use and thus have exceptionally low impurity levels. Some of these latter contain very Httie or no stabilizers (see Electronic materials). 

USP XXll reagent specifications dihydrate and anhydrous for use ACS specifications for dihydrate 19... 

Synthetic chiral adsorbents are usually prepared by tethering a chiral molecule to a silica surface. The attachment to the silica is through alkylsiloxy bonds. A study which demonstrates the technique reports the resolution of a number of aromatic compoimds on a 1- to 8-g scale. The adsorbent is a silica that has been derivatized with a chiral reagent. Specifically, hydroxyl groups on the silica surface are covalently boimd to a derivative of f -phenylglycine. A medium-pressure chromatography apparatus is used. The racemic mixture is passed through the column, and, when resolution is successful, the separated enantiomers are isolated as completely resolved fiactions. Scheme 2.5 shows some other examples of chiral stationary phases. 

Spot tests may prove ultimately to be the most, important example of determinations in which traces are major constituents. The technique is well known15 apd has proved very valuable in analytical chemistry. As often carried out, a reagent (specific if possible) is made to react in or on filter paper with the element sought, usually present as a trace. The results are normally qualitative or semiquantitative, it often being difficult to make them quantitative by methods other than x-ray emission spectrography.16 With this technique, however, not only is it possible... 

The specific detection of aromatic nitro compounds is a second example. These can be converted by reduction to primary amines, which are then diazotized and coupled to yield azo dyes (cf. reagent sequence Titanium(III) chloride — Bratton-Marshall reagent ). Sodium nitrite —naphthol reagent, diazotized sulfanilic acid and other reagents specific for amino groups (e.g. ninhydrin, fluorescamine, DOOB, NBD chloride [9]) can also be used in the second stage of the reaction (Fig. 21). 

Kulanthaivel et al. [28] found that the apical Na /H exchanger in human placenta (sensitive-type) was sensitive to phenylarsine oxide, a reagent specific for dithiols that are situated in close proximity (vicinal dithiols). Moreover, the effect of phenylarsine oxide was to decrease without affecting apparent affinity for... 

USP XXII reagent specifications USP XXII dihydrate and anhydrous for drying general use ACS specifications for dihydrate and anhydrous dihydrate 99-107% CaCl2-2 H20 calcium chloride for injections, sterile solution in water, 95—105% of labeled CaCL-2 Ho0 19... 

Phenanthrene labeled with C14 was purchased from Tracerlab, Waltham, Mass. A diluted reagent (specific radioactivity 1.1 microcuries per gram) was prepared by dissolving the labeled material in excess high purity phenanthrene. 

Lead tetraacetate-Manganese(II) acetate, 157 Osmium tetroxide, 222 Potassium ruthenate, 259 Samarium(II) iodide, 270 reagents specific for primary alcohols Osmium tetroxide, 222 reagents specific for benzylic alcohols Cetyltrimethylammonium permanganate, 69... 

Despite their thermodynamic stability, dimetallacyclopropanes proved to be quite reactive when treated with appropriate reagents, specifically, unsaturated hydrocarbons and protic acids. Again, the nature of the metals and coligands distinctly influence the reactivity. 

A summary of reactive biotin reagent-specific recommendations for labeling antibodies at 10 mg/mL is presented in Table 3. Detailed protocols are described in Subheadings 3.1. to 3.4. 

In contrast to the examples already discussed this method is based not on monitoring of the coloration or decoloration of the desired reaction product but on the formation of a colored product between a reagent-specific side product and a specific indicator. 

Incorrect preparation of substrate-chromogen mixture. Repeat substrate-chromogen treatment with correctly prepared reagent. Staining intensity is decreased when excess DAB/DAB+ is present in the working reagent. Specification Sheet... 

Substrate-chromogen reagent prepared incorrectly. Repeat incubation with correctly prepared chromogen reagent. Specification Sheet... 

The other small protein markers of GFR are detected by immunoassays with reagents specific for the human proteins the cross-reactivity of these reagents with other species and the usefulness of these markers in animal models have not been well established (Loeb 1998). 

The QMS platform combines the identification of proteins with their quantitative detection in one procedure. While protein identification can be deduced from peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) or MS/MS spectra (see section Mass Spectrometry (MS)), protein quantitation is based on analysing either peak areas or signal intensities, or a combination of both. Several computer programs, in most cases reagent specific ones, are available. For each peak, quantitation values are calculated before differentially expressed proteins are identified by the comparison of control and treated samples. 

Reagents Specifications for reagents are not included in the Food Chemicals Codex. Unless otherwise specified, reagents required in tests and assays should conform to the specifications of the current editions of Reagent Chemicals—American Chemical Society Specifications or in the section on Reagent Specifications in the United States Pharmacopeia. Reagents not covered by any of these specifications should be of a grade suitable to the proper performance of the method of assay or test involved. 

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