Monoclonal antibodies antigen specificities

De Bias AL (1984) Monoclonal antibodies to specific astroglial and neuronal antigens reveal the cytoarchitec-ture of the Bergmann glia fibers in the cerebellum. J. Neurosci., 4, 265-273. 

Serologically and biochemically pure preparations of HLA-A and -B antigens have been isolated from a series of immunoadsorption columns constructed from monoclonal antibodies having specificity for these antigens. Similar methodology has been used in the preparation of the H-2K antigen, which is expressed at levels of 2 X 10 molecules/cell by a murine lymphoma. 

Takagi, S., Toshiaki, T., Kinutani, M., and Fugisawa, H. (1989) Monoclonal antibodies against specific antigens in the chick central nervous system Putative application as a transplantation marker in the quail-chick chimaera. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 2>1,177-184. 

A monoclonal antibody for a certain cell surface marker can also be used as an efficient targeting ligand. Due to the specific recognition of the antigen by the monoclonal antibody, the specificity in antibody-based targeting is usually higher... 

Immunoaffinity chromatography utilizes the high specificity of antigen—antibody interactions to achieve a separation. The procedure typically involves the binding, to a soHd phase, of a mouse monoclonal antibody which reacts either directly with the protein to be purified or with a closely associated protein which itself binds the product protein. The former approach has been appHed in the preparation of Factor VIII (43) and Factor IX (61) concentrates. The latter method has been used in the preparation of Factor VIII (42) by immobilization of a monoclonal antibody to von WiHebrand factor [109319-16-6] (62), a protein to which Factor VIII binds noncovalenfly. Further purification is necessary downstream of the immunoaffinity step to remove... 

Va.ria.tions in Methods. The various immunochemical methods can differ in a number of ways. For example, the analytical reagent may be cmde antisemm, monoclonal antibodies, isolated immunoglobulin fractions, etc. The conditions under which the method is mn, detection of the antigen—antibody complex, and the techniques used to increase sensitivity or specificity of the reaction all maybe varied. 

Commercial use of cell and tissue culture continues to expand. Improvement of organisms through recombinant nucleic acid techniques has become commonplace. Formerly, a few laboratories were well ahead of most others, but now the methods have been perfected for routine use. Another technique that is widely practiced is culturing of cells that excrete high concentrations of just one antibody protein. The specificity of antibodies and antigens is exploited in medical testing procedures using these pure monoclonal antibodies. 

A B lymphocyte is a specific type of white blood cell (leucocyte) derived from bone marrow stem cells. Each B lymphocyte expresses an immunoglobulin (antibody) specific for a particular antigen. Following antigenic stimulation, a B lymphocyte may differentiate and multiply into plasma cells that secrete large quantities of monoclonal antibody. 

Monoclonal antibodies (mAh) are molecules that recognize and bind a specific foreign substance called an antigen. They are produced from a single clone of B lymphocytes. Conventionally, mouse mAh have been generated for experimental and diagnostic use. Techniques have been developed to humanize mouse mAh to facilitate their therapeutic use in humans. It is also now possible to make mAh which are fully human. 

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