Pathologic findings

Impaired circulation, destruction of RBCs, and vascular stasis are three known problems that are responsible primarily for the clinical manifestations of SCD. These pathologic findings are likely due to HbS polymerization and RBC membrane damage (Fig. 65-3). 

Pathological findings frequently observed in organs of patients who have died of sepsis include disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), manifested as diffuse thrombotic occlusions in the entire microvascular system, associated with alterations in the hemostatic mechanism and clinical signs of hemorrhagic diathesis. Many observations indicate that DIC contributes to the major symptoms of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which frequently complicate sepsis (HI, H2, H3, T6). 

Dogs should be selected for study use on the basis of acceptable body weights, urinalysis, and clinical pathology findings, as well as physical, ophthalmic, and electrocardiographic evaluations. To minimize familial effects, efforts should be made to ensure that no two littermates of the same sex are assigned to the same treatment group. 

Bruner RH. 1984. Pathologic findings in laboratory animals exposed to hydrocarbon fuels of military interest. In Mehlman MA, Hemstreet GP III, Thorpe JJ, et al., eds. Advances in modern environmental toxicology. Volume VII Renal effects of petroleum hydrocarbons. Princeton, NJ Princeton Scientific Publishers, 133-140. 

Hernandez AF, Martin-Rubi JC, Ballesteros JL, et al Clinical and pathological findings in fatal 1,3-dichloropropene intoxication. Hum Exp Toxicol 13 303-306,1994... 

Zook BC, Malek D, Kenney RA Pathologic findings in rats following inhalation of combustion products of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Toxicology 26 25-36, 1983... 

In fatal cases, the pathologic findings are entirely nonspecific. They usually consist of petechial hemorrhages and congestion of the organs, indicating combined action of severe convulsions and anoxia. Compression fractures and related injury may be found in cases with violent tetany. ... 

Two-year studies of rats administered up to 2 500 ppm and mice administered up to 1000 ppm in the diet was associated with Kupffer cell hypertrophy, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and mixed cell foci in the liver of rats but no significant pathologic findings in mice. There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity in either species. 

Correlations of Cholinergic Deficits With Clinical and Pathological Findings... 

Griepentrog, F. (1973) [Pathological findings on the carcinogenic action of laboratory animals] Toxicology, 1, 93-102 (in German)... 

Sunshine P, Yaffe SJ. Amitriptyline poisoning clinical and pathological findings in a fatal case. AmJDis Chitd 1963 106 501-506. 

FIGURE 12-15. Another key finding in Alzheimer s disease is the pathological finding of another degenerative structure called neurofibrillary tangles made up of abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins. 

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