Mixed ionic—electronic conduction

There are no specific requirements for the solid electrolytes (pellets or tubes) used in electrochemical promotion experiments. However they should be stable under the conditions of the experimental study. Also one should know the type of ionic conductivity and the possibility of appearance of mixed ionic-electronic conductivity under the conditions of electrochemical promotion. This is quite essential for the correct interpretation of results. Addresses of suppliers of solid electrolytes included in Table B.l are presented below ... 

J.B. Goodenough, in Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting Perovskites for Advanced Energy Systems, N. Orlovskaya and N. Browning, (editors), NATO Science Series, Vol. 173, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2004, p. 1. 

Tuller, H.L., Mixed ionic electronic conduction in a number of fluorite and pyrochlore compounds. Solid State Ionics, 1992, 52, 135-146. 

It is thus now clear that one can assign to each -conducting support, or to any ionic or mixed ionic-electronic conducting support two new properties, i.e., its absolute potential and its standard absolute potential. For 0 -conducting or mixed 0 -electronic conductors the defining equations are Eq. (36) and Eq. (37), respectively, where the numerical value corresponds to 8 mol% Y203-Zr02 [140]. 

Y. Teraoka, H.M. Zhang, K. Okamoto and N. Yamazoe, Mixed ionic-electronic conductivity of Lai-xSrxCoi-yFeyOs-s. Mat. Res. Bull, 23 (1988) 51-58. 

The total conductivity of an oxide-type material with mixed ionic-electronic conduction, o, can be expressed as ... 

The electrochemical reduction of a solid compound characterized by mixed ionic/ electronic conductivity, immobilized on an electrode surface and in contact with an electrolyte solution, has been further studied on a theoretical basis [26]. Here, the coupled uptake or expulsion of electrons from the electrode and of cations from the electrolyte solution according to... 

Ceramic electrochemical reactors are currently undergoing intense investigation, the aim being not only to generate electricity but also to produce chemicals. Typically, ceramic dense membranes are either pure ionic (solid electrolyte SE) conductors or mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIECs). In this chapter we review the developments of cells that involve a dense solid electrolyte (oxide-ion or proton conductor), where the electrical transfer of matter requires an external circuitry. When a dense ceramic membrane exhibits a mixed ionic-electronic conduction, the driving force for mass transport is a differential partial pressure applied across the membrane (this point is not considered in this chapter, although relevant information is available in specific reviews). 

Solid-state electrochemistry is an important and rapidly developing scientific field that integrates many aspects of classical electrochemical science and engineering, materials science, solid-state chemistry and physics, heterogeneous catalysis, and other areas of physical chemistry. This field comprises - but is not limited to - the electrochemistry of solid materials, the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical reactions involving at least one solid phase, and also the transport of ions and electrons in solids and interactions between solid, liquid and/or gaseous phases, whenever these processes are essentially determined by the properties of solids and are relevant to the electrochemical reactions. The range of applications includes many types of batteries and fuel cells, a variety of sensors and analytical appliances, electrochemical pumps and compressors, ceramic membranes with ionic or mixed ionic-electronic conductivity, solid-state electrolyzers and electrocatalytic reactors, the synthesis of new materials with improved properties and corrosion protection, supercapacitors, and electrochromic and memory devices. 

The process that is the subject of this article consists of the use of high temperature ceramic membranes that selectively transport oxygen. They are referred to with several acronyms of which ITM (Ion Transport Membranes), OTM (Oxygen Transport Membranes) and MIEC (Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting) membranes prevail. We will use ITM throughout this article. 

Vente JF, Haije WG, IJpelaan R, Rusting FT. On the full-scale module design of an air separation unit using mixed ionic electronic conducting membranes. J Membr Sci. 2006 278 66. 

A.V. Zyrin, T.N. Bondarenko, I.V. Urubkov, V.N. Uvarov, Conductivity and electronic structure of lanthanum nickelites , Mixed Ionic Electronic Conducting Perovskites for Advanced Energy Systems, NATO Science Series, 281-287 (2004). 

G. M. Kloster, J. A. Thomas, P. W. Brazis, C. R. Kannewurf, and D. F. Shriver, Synthesis, characterization, and transport properties of new mixed ionic-electronic conducting V2O5 -polymer electrolyte xerogel nanocomposites, Chem. Mater., 8, 2418-2420 (1996). 

Generally, the activation layer is a functionally graded porous structure made of the same composition as the membrane layer. A second case is when the two porous interfaces, acting as mixed ionic/electronic-conducting electrodes, are made of materials different from the membrane (a purely ion-conducting electrolyte), as shown in Figure 9.10c. In this case, the oxygen flux can be precisely controlled by the... 

Sunarso J, Baumann S, Serra JM, Meulenberg WA, Liu S, Lin YS, and Diniz da Costa JC. Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) ceramic-based membranes for oxygen separation. J. Membr. Sci. 2008 320 13-41. 

Teraoka, Y., Zhang, H. M., Okrunoto, K. Yattrazoe, N. Mixed ionic-electronic conductivity of Lal-xSrxCol-yFey03-8 perovskite-type oxides. Materials Research Bulletin 23, 51-58, doi Doi 10.1016/0025-5408(88)90224-3 (1988). 

The processes in ionic conductors and on the interface between ionic and electronic conductors (metal, semiconductor) are a research subject of classic electrochemistry. Over the past decades researchers paid some attention to the nonclassic electrochemical object— the conductor with the mixed ionic-electronic conductivity where charge is transferred both with electrons (and/or holes) and ions. 

Kim, S., Yang, Y.L., Jacobson, A.J. and Abeles, B. (1998) Diffusion and surface exchange coefficients in mixed ionic electronic conducting oxides from the pressure dependence of oxygen permeation. Solid State Ionics, 106 (3-4), 189-195. 

Chen, H Li, L Kemps, R., Michielsen, B., Jacobs, M., Snijkers, F., Middelkoop, V. (2015) Reactive air brazing for sealing mixed ionic electronic conducting hollow fibre membranes, Acta Materialia, 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.01.029 Accepted manuscript. 

Pfaff, E.M., Kaletsch, A. and Broeckmann, C. (2012) Design of a mixed ionic/electronic conducting oxygen transport membrane pilot module. Chemical... 

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