Mirror-polished finish

Preparation of the Pt(lll) Single-Crystal Electrode. The Pt single-crystal electrode was prepared according to the procedure developed by Clavilier (7) and oriented using the methodology of Hamelin (8). It was subsequently polished with alumina to a mirror-like finish. The quahty of the Pt(l 11) surface was verified by recording CV... 

Allow the resin to cure for 24 h. Polish off the excess resin with sand paper to expose the gold surface. Once the surface is exposed, continue polishing with 1.0 pm alumina slurry, followed by 0.3 and 0.05 pm alumina slurry on microcloth pads (from Buehler, IL, USA) to a mirror-like finish (about 3 min each). 

Crocus cloth n. An iron-oxide coated abrasive cloth, used as a polishing agent after most of the work has been done with emery or aluminum oxide, capable of giving a mirror-hke finish to metal. 

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is a final major manufacturing step extensively used in semiconductor fabrication for flattening semiconductor wafers to obtain a mirror surface finish. In 2011, the CMP pad market yielded 626 million while the slurry market totaled 1.0 billion, and is forecasted to grow 7.0% in 2012 and exceed 1.3 billion by 2016 [1]. CMP is still considered the leading planarization technology for current and future manufacturing [2]. 

A sophisticated computer-controlled support system keeps the mirror segments in the desired position. The finishing of the off-axis aspheric segments is performed by stressed mirror polishing, a newly developed process for which the initially round meniscus-shaped blanks of 1.9 m diameter are mechanically deformed in such a way that a desired aspheric surface results after the stress is relieved. 

In general, commercially available GaN sample surfaces are siuTace-lapped (mechanically polished) and finished by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), dry etching, and so on, after fabrication and subsequent exposure to air. The surface figuring treatments are performed to obtain mirror-polished smooth surfaces, where the presence of a surface oxide layer was reported. Thus, no specific LEED spots indicates that surface crystallinity and ordering were clearly destroyed in at least a few surface layers by the surface-finishing treatments. 

This findings strengthen the need for mirror-polished specimens with an average surface roughness Rj < 1 pm to derive reference S-N curves. Intrusions and extrusions are surface defects of the order of some micron (see Sect. 1.4). If surface finish is rather rough leaving material plicas higher than these few microns... 

The starting point is the determination of points A = (lOOO ) e B = (A 5y) of Fig. 5.17. The resulting fatigue curve may be considered a mean fatigue curve obtained by smooth, mirror-polished specimens. This curve shall be modified to take into consideration all factors affecting fatigue strength such as load factor (see Sect. 3.6), surface finish (see Sect. 3.3), size effect (see Sect. 3.5) and, eventually, also the requested probability of survival (1 — P). 

As another factor in determining the quality of the electrode material for electroanalysis, the absence of surface defects [45] is important. Polished polycrystalline BDD electrodes, which have a mirror like finish, can exhibit low background currents in voltammetric measurements, which lead to high S/B ratios, as for single-crystal homoepitaxial BDD electrodes. However, in the CV for serotonin (Fig. 8.6), one of the important bioamines, there is a... 

Aluminium tools for rotational moulding are typically made from formed cast and welded sheet using methods similar to those for steel moulds. Parts requiring a highly polished finish will favour machined aluminium moulds, whereas cast aluminium can be burnished to a polished finish but not a mirror finish (2). 

Bonilla et al. (1965) studied the effect of parallel scratches on a polished stainless steel plate when boiling mercury with a small portion of sodium as wetting agent. The mirror-finished stainless steel plate was scored by a tempered steel nee-... 

Electrochemical equipment and cells used for these investigations have also been described previously. (8.9 ) Polycrystalline Ag (Johnson Matthey, 99.9%) was mechanically polished with alumina (Buehler) to a mirror finish and sonicated in triply distilled H20 before each run. All potentials were measured and are reported versus a saturated calomel reference electrode (SCE). 

The polycrystalline platinum electrode was mounted in Kel>F resin and polished with a scries of alumina powders down to 0.05, resulting mirror finish. The apparent surface area was 1.85 cm. The electrode was washed with fuming sulfuric add and rinsed with ultra pure water prior to each measurement. 

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