Miocene sediments

ISPHORDING (W.C.), 1971. Talc from Gulf Coast Miocene sediments. Amer. 

Based on the structural and tectonic data the Sakharetbi anticline is presented in the dome by Oligocene-Lower Miocene Maikop suite rocks and flanks are covered with Middle and Upper Miocene sediments. 

This area is 20 km northeast of Poti, to the West Chaladidi anticline of the Pontain-Meotian (Miocene) sediments. It is in the lower part of the above-mentioned Ochamchire-Kulevi block (3), near the south border of (III) the intermountain cavity zone, at the southwest edge of the Poti-Abedati and the Senaki-Tsaishi. On the Poti-Abedati fail line the Abedati, Nokalakevi and the Eki mountain over thrust sheet folds are displayed intermittently, which corresponds to the lower structural floor disjunctive break zones [9]. On the mentioned fail line, from the northeast to southwest, the relocation of epicentres of the Samegrelo earthquake (1941) is specified. 

Kharaka Y. K. and Berry F. A. F. (1974) The influence of geological membranes on the geochemistry of subsurface waters from Miocene sediments at Kettleman North Dome, California. Water Resour. Res. 10, 313-327. 

Gold P. B. (1987) Textures and geochemistry of authigenic albite from Miocene sediments, Louisiana Gulf Coast. J. Sedim. Petrol. 57, 353—362. 

Finally, some ongoing investigations are discussed dealing with the search for new information carriers among the organic compounds in sediments. One way to search for new informative compounds is to study organic compounds isolated from sediments which are well documented by other scientific disciplines. As an example, some results are shown from a Miocene sediment sample from the Northern... 

Fig. 4.4 Correlation between marine organic carbon content and sedimentation rate (after Stein 1986b, 1990). The distinction between fields A, A and B is based on data derived from Recent to Miocene sediments deposited in normal open-ocean environments (field A), upwelling high-productivity areas (field A ) and anoxic environments (field B).

The MSSTS-1 (McMurdo Sound Sediments and Tectonic Studies) hole was drilled inMcMurdo Sound only 4 km northwest of CIROS-1 (Davey and Christoffel 1984). It reached a depth of about 230 m and also intersected upper Oligocene and lower Miocene sediment (Barrett and McKelvey 1986 Barrett et al. 1987). The chronology of that core was subsequently revised by Harwood et al. (1989) which resulted in a better match of the sedimentation rates of the CIROS-1 and MSSTS-1 cores. 

Fig. 19.3 The Cape Roberts Project drilled three holes through the sea ice about 16 km off the coast of southern Victoria Land at Cape Roberts. The cores are identified as CRP-1, CRP-2, 2A, and CRP-3 and were located close to CRP-1. The Cenozoic sediment at these sites dips away from the coast into the Victoria Land Basin. The cores consist of Oligocene to Miocene sediment composed of glacial diamictite interbedded with mudstone and sandstone. The sediment records the gradual cooling of the climate and increasing deposition of glacial sediments. CRP-3 bottomed in Devonian sandstone of the Beacon Supergroup (Adapted from Cape Roberts Science Team (1998) published in Terra Antartica vol. 5(1) 1-30, 1998)...

Most commercial marine diatomite deposits exploit accumulations resulting from large blooms of diatoms that occurred ia the oceans during the Miocene geological epoch. Diatomite sediments older than the Jurassic period are rare in the fossil record. Commercial deposits of diatomite are accumulations of the fossil skeletons, which can occur in beds as thick as 900 m in some locations (5). Marine deposits must have been formed on the bottom of protected basins or other bodies of quiet water, undisturbed by strong currents, in an environment similar to the existing Santa Barbara Channel or Gulf of California (3,6). 

Ozawa, 1963 Sugimura and Uyeda, 1973). For example, Sugimura and Uyeda (1973) summarized volcanic rocks, degree of deformation of sediments, structural trends of sediments deposited, and amount of uplift and subsidence since Miocene. 

As noted already, intense submarine hydrothermal activity took place in the Japan Sea in 15-12 Ma, associated with Kuroko mineralization. However, it is uncertain that submarine hydrothermal activities associated with the Kuroko mineralization took place in the other periods from middle Miocene to present in the Japan Sea. Therefore, the geochemical features of sedimentary rocks which formed from the Japan Sea at these ages have been studied by the author because they are better indicator of age of hydrothermal activities than those of hydrothermally altered igneous rocks because the samples of continuous age of sedimentation are able to be collected and the ages are precisely determined based on microfossil data (foraminiferal, radioralian and diatom assemblages). 

Figure 1.159. Eu/Eu values of (A) modern sediment, hydrothermal solution and seawater and (B) mid-Miocene to early Pliocene Japan Sea see in text). Modern data are from the Pacific ocean,...

Fig. 2.57. Pb isotopic compositions in volcanogenic Cu sulfide deposits in Japan. Diamond shape K], K2 and K3 indicate average values of Kuroko-type deposits Ki Taro (Cretaceous) K2 Northeast Japan (Miocene) K3 southwest Japan (Miocene). Note that the Shimokawa ores (solid square, Besshi subtype) and Yanahara ores (open square, Hitachi subtype), closely associated with sediments, tend to have slightly more radiogenic values than the others (solid circles) (Sato and Kase, 1996).

Yang, H. and Huang, Y. (2003) Preservation of lipid hydrogen isotope ratios in Miocene lacustrine sediments and plant fossils at Clarkia, northern Idaho, USA. Organic Geochemistry 34, 413. 

At the medium reach, the river flows into the Iberian Depression, with marl and gypsum Miocene deposits in some areas. The dissolution of evaporitic sediments (gypsum, halite, and sodium-sulfates) gives rise to numerous sinkholes. However, subsidence is also being masked by morpho-sedimentary dynamic processes such as aggradation and erosion [12]. 

Fig. 4. REE pattern in a partiy eroded mid Cenozoic weathering profiie beneath Late Miocene aiiuviai sediments. S is saproiite.

Huang YS, Lockheart MJ, Logan GA, Eglinton G, Isotope and molecular evidence for the diverse origins of carboxylic acids in leaf fossils and sediments from the Miocene Lake Glarkia deposit, Idaho, U.S.A, Org Geochem 24 289—299, 1996. 

Otto A, Simoneit BRT, Rember WC, Conifer and angiosperm biomarkers in clay sediments and fossil plants from the Miocene Clarkia formation, Idaho, U.S.A., Org Geochem 36 907—922, 2005. 

Xia and Ball (1999) measured sorption isotherms for a series of chlorinated benzenes and PAHs for an aquitard material (foc = 0.015 kg oc kg-1 solid) from a formation believed to date to the middle to late Miocene. Hence, compared to soils or recent sediment POM, the organic matter present in this aquitard material can be assumed to be fairly mature and/or contain char particles from prehistoric fires. A nonlinear isotherm was found for TeCB (fitting Eq. 9-2) and the following Freundlich parameters were reported XreCBF = 128(mg g 1)(mg mL 1) "T CBand "TeCB = 0.80. For partitioning of TeCB to this material (linear part of the isotherm at higher concentrations), the authors found a Kioc value of 4.2 x 104 L kg oc. 

Sutherland R (1996) Transpressional development of the Australian-Pacific boundary through the southern South Island, New Zealand constraints from Miocene-Pliocene sediments, Waiho-1 borehole South Westland. New Zealand J Geol Geophys 39 251-264... 

Oligo-Miocene clastic marine sediments resting unconformably over the Liguride sequences. 

Neo-autochthonous Miocene to Pleistocene sediments (evaporites, lignite, fresh water limestones, conglomerates, clays, sands, etc.) infilling tectonic depressions formed during post-orogenic extension. 

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