Plant Fossils

An n alkane of molecular formula C28H58 has been isolated from a certain fossil plant Write a condensed structural formula for this alkane J... 

A. E. Aschoff and co-workers. Interim Consensus Guidelines on Fossil Plant Cycle Chemisty, Electric Power Research Institute, CS-4629,1986. 

A nuclear power plant generates electricity in a manner similar to a fossil fuel plant. The fundamental difference is the source of heat to create the steam that turns the turbine-generator. A fossil plant relies on the combustion of natural resources (coal, oil) to create steam. A nuclear reactor creates steam with the heat produced from a controlled chain reaction of nuclear fission (the splitting of atoms). 

Stewart Richard, G. Partial Oxygenated Feedwater Treatment at the Paradise Fossil Plant Unit I. Tennessee Valley Authority. Ultrapure Water, Tall Oaks Publishing, Inc., USA, November 1997. 

Thomas BA, The biochemical analysis of fossil plants and its use in taxonomy and systematics, in Spicer RA, Thomas BA (eds.), Systematic and Taxonomic Approaches in Palaeobotany, Systematic Association Special Vol. 31. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 39—51, 1986. 

Thomas BR, Modern and fossil plant resins, in Harborne JB (ed.), Phytochemical Phylogeny, Academic Press, London, pp. 59—79, 1970. 

Knoche H, Ourisson G, Organic compounds in fossil plants (Equisetum horsetails), Angewandte Chemie, International Edition 6 1085, 1967. 

Otto A, Simoneit BRT, Rember WC, Conifer and angiosperm biomarkers in clay sediments and fossil plants from the Miocene Clarkia formation, Idaho, U.S.A., Org Geochem 36 907—922, 2005. 

Collins believes that we can get the things we need out of recently dead plant matter rather than fossilized plant matter, and this is an active area of industrial research. 

Montan wax is a fossil plant wax with properties similar to natural plant waxes such as those found in carnauba palms. The material is a hard and has a high melting point. Montan wax is composed of a mixture of waxes, resins, and asphaltene-like materials. The wax is typically used in carbon inks, emulsions, polishes, and lubricants. 

The enormous importance of carbon in such diverse fields as inorganic and organic chemistry and biology is well known however, only the aspects of carbon relevant to catalysis will be described here. The main topics we are concerned with are porous activated carbons, carbon black as catalyst supports and forms of coking. Carbon is also currently used as storage for natural gas and to clean up radioactive contamination. Carbon is available at low cost and a vast literature exists on its uses. Coal-derived carbon is made from biomass, wood or fossil plants and its microstructure differs from carbon made from industrial coke. Activated carbons are synthesized by thermal activation or by chemical activation to provide desirable properties like high surface area. 

MacGinitie HD (1953) Fossil Plants of the Florissant Beds, Colorado. Carnegie Inst Wash Publ 599 p 1-198, pi 1-75... 

Meyer HW (2001) A review of the paleoelevation estimates from the Florissant flora, Colorado. In Fossil Flora and Stratigraphy of the Florissant Formation, Colorado. Evanoff E, Gregory-Wodzicki KM, Johnson KR (eds) Proc Denver Museum Nature Sci ser 4 no 1 p 205-216 Mosbrugger V (1999) The nearest living relative method. In Fossil Plants and Spores Modern Techniques. Jones TP, Rowe NP (eds) Geol Soc London, p 233-239... 

McElwain JC, Chaloner WG (1995) Stomatal density and index of fossil plants track atmospheric carbon dioxide... 

Boyce, C. K., Cody, G. D., Feser, M., Jacobsen, C., Knoll, A. H., and Wirick, S. (2002). Organic chemical differentiation within fossil plant cell walls detected with X-ray spectroscopy. Geol. Soc. Am. 30,1039-1042. 

My proposed solar-hydrogen power plant uses solar energy and water to continuously produce both electricity and hydrogen fuel. If, during the transition period conventional power plants are also used and built close to a fossil power plant (in the future), it will probably be able to convert the C02 from the fossil plant to methanol fuel. 

Jet is the common name given to black, high-quality, homogeneous specimens of lignite coal. Fossilized plant material, coal consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbon compounds, water, and small amounts of other elements, usually sulfur. It is very soft and has a very low density. As it is coal, it is also flammable. 

Montan and ozocerite are two wax compounds found associated with fossilized plant material. Historically, these compounds have been found in coal deposits and exploited without much processing. They are now produced as by-products of the processing of lignite and sub-bituminous coal. 

The extraction of DNA from mummified and fossilized plant tissue is one of the most exciting developments in molecular systematics. Mummified plant tissues up to 44,600 years old have yielded analyzable DNA.13-19 The recent publications of rbcL sequences from Miocene fossils (17-20 million years old) of Magnolia20 and Taxodium21 and the amplification of similar-aged DNA from Platanus and Pseudofagus21 open a new source for land plant tissue and offer enormous possibilities for research in molecular systematics and evolution. The latter report clearly invalidates the objections22 to the authenticity of the Miocene fossil plant DNA and hence of their systematic utility. 

Abraham Gesner was born in 1797 near Cornwallis, Nova Scotia. Although Gesner became a medical doctor, he was much more interested in fossils. Gesner was fascinated by hydrocarbon substances, such as coal, asphal-tum (asphalt), and bitumen. These substances were formed long ago from fossilized plants, algae, fish, and animals. 

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