Information carriers

The two nucleic acids serve only as information carriers, while proteins (as enzymes) are only responsible for functions in the cell ... 

DNA, RNA —> information carriers proteins (enzymes) —> functions (catalysis)... 

Whether the polymers shown schematically in Fig. 6.21 (or similar forms) were ever of importance on the Earth as information carriers is an open question. Leslie Orgel considers the alanyl nucleotides synthesized by Diederichsen to be possible and suitable candidates for a pre-RNA world (Orgel, 2003). 

As discussed in Chap. 6, nucleic acids contain D-ribose or D-deoxyribose. The corresponding L-form is banished from the information carriers RNA and DNA. So the question is why L-amino acids and D-sugars and not the opposite Two hypotheses are at the fore in this scientific discussion ... 

Was there a pre-RNA world before the hypothetical RNA world or Did other molecular species act as information carriers ... 

Lippitsch M.E., Pusterhofer J., Leiner M.J.P., Wolfbeis O.S., Fibre optic oxygen sensor with the fluorescence decay time as information carrier. Anal. Chim. Acta 1988 205 1. 

A straightforward definition of communication is not difficult. As a starting point we can define it as the transfer of information between two communicative units. Ethology has created many models for the process of information transfer. Basic to these approaches is the term signal, an information carrier which is produced through encoding information in an... 

Today, magnetic information carriers are widespread, and no other technology can compete in storage density and rate of access to stored data. Further improvement in performance requires the development of new magnetic materials with high saturation magnetic flux density, appropriate coercivity and suitable magnetic characteristics. 

Willliams, J. D., Holland, K. N., Jameson, D. M., and Bruening, R. C. (1992b). Amino acid profiles and liposomes their role as chemosensory information carriers in the marine environment. Journal of ChemicalEcology 18,2107-2115. 

The chemoton scheme is illustrated in Figure 8.10. It consists of three subsystems a metabohc autocatalytic network, a bilayer membrane, and arephca-ble information carrier molecule, or template. Here, as in autopoiesis, the membrane is an important player. However, what happens within the membrane is depicted in more detail. In particular, looking at Figure 8.10, note that the entire system is fed by nutrient X which hrst feeds the metabolic network with the various A molecules. This is an autocatalytic chemical cycle, autocatalytic because two Ai molecules are produced from the original single Ai molecule. 

In addition to their important roles as stored fuels (starch, glycogen, dextran) and as structural materials (cellulose, chitin, peptidoglycans), polysaccharides and oligosaccharides are information carriers they serve as destination labels for some proteins and as mediators of specific cell-cell interactions and interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix. Specific carbohydrate-containing molecules act in cell-cell recognition and... 

The unveiling of the structural and functional complexity of RNA led Carl Woese, Francis Crick, and Leslie Orgel to propose in the 1960s that this macromolecule might serve as both information carrier and catalyst. The discoveiy of catalytic RNAs took this proposal from... 

The information content of such genes suffices only for relatively small proteins, certainly not optimally adapted. This means, however, that these are by now long outdated as information carriers and have been... 

Such research into the assemblies of chiral steroidal compounds gave us a chance to think about the hierarchical structure of materials in the universe [42], We have the simple idea that the atoms combine together through stronger covalent bonds to yield molecules which serve as information carriers, and that the molecules combine together through noncovalent bonds to yield molecular assemblies which serve to express the information. Chiral carbon chains... 

Proteins largely and extensively exist in all kinds of living beings, constructing their bodies and also acting as information carriers as well as recognition... 

Sugars play a dual role in all living organisms they are the principal source of energy for cellular processes and are indispensable components of DNA and RNA information carriers. The possibility of prebiotic synthesis of various sugars was demonstrated by Butlerow in 1861 [28], who showed that a simple prebiotic molecule - formaldehyde - can be used for the synthesis of a mixture of various sugars in a Ca(OH)2-catalyzed series of aldol condensations. The reaction starts... 

It is the information carrier as it were by smashing at the surface makes its presence apparent. The corresponding quantum state exists no more as information is exhausted by eliciting a location that piece of data can eventually be stored in conjunction with any other datum previously collected. 

Light is indispensable for life. Green plants and some bacteria use solar energy for the energy source in their photosynthesis [1-3]. Archeal bacteriorhodopsin is a membrane bound protein and works as a light-driven proton pump [4, 5]. Another role of light is information carrier that is recognized in vision and photo-sensors. 

---