Mining Truck

Caterpillar developed the 797 in response to mining companies that were seeking a means to reduce cost per ton in large-scale operations. Therefore, the 797 is sized to work efficiently with loading shovels used in lai minii operations, and Caterpillar matched the body design to the material being hauled to optimize p loads. 

Engine model 3524B high displacement Gross power at 1750 rpnu 3400 hp (2537 kW) 

Transmission 7-speed planetary power shift Top speed 40 mph (64 km/h) 

Nominal pajdoad capacity 360 tons (326 metric tons) 

A summary of some information about various components of the 797 truck follows. 

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Figure 7.4 An ElMCO Mining Machine Co. Underground Mining Truck...

FIGURE 7.4 AN EIMCO MINING MACHINE CO. UNDERGROUND MINING TRUCK.139... 

The suspension s) tem, which uses oil-over-iutrogen struts similar to other Caterpillar mining trucks, is designed to dissipate haul road and loading impacts. 

To allow technicians to raise the truck body inside a standatd-he t maintenance building, the canopy portion of the body is hinged so that it can be folded back. In the folded and raised position, the 797 body height is no higjher than the 793, Caterpillar s 240-ton-capadty (218-mettic ton) mining truck. 

Testing Several 797 mining trucks were tested at the Caterpillar provii grounds. Mine evaluation performances were also done during 1999—2000. The test results are used to correct unexpected problems and fine-tune various components of the truck The 797 has been available commercially worldwide since January 2001. 

Specially constructed roads for coal hauling are extensively used for mine-mouth power plants in the west, south, and east, while the hauling of coal by trucks on highways is more concentrated at surface mines. Truck hauls on public highways in the United States typically range from approximately 50-75 miles while off-road hauls are approximately 5-20 miles. 

An autonomous controller for an underground mining truck is presented in this paper. The controlled truck is an articulated type with 4 electric drive motors. Dynamic model of this truck including steering and 4-wheel differential control is setup. A sliding mode control law is proposed for asymptotically stabilizing the truck to a desired trajectory. It is shown that the proposed scheme is robust to bounded external disturbances. Experimental results on Hardware-in-the-loop demonstrate the effectiveness of accurate tracking capability and the robust performance of the proposed scheme. 

At the Riecito Mine in Venezuela, dozer/rippers (Cat D, large front-erxl loaders (5 m, and large mine trucks (35 t) are used to strip overburden and mine over... 

The term Off-highway includes a great variety of diesel engine applications like propulsion of ships, mining trucks, harvesters, trains, power generation and pump drives, e.g. for hydraulic fracturing (see Fig. 2.1). In a broader sense, even power generation and pump drives need to be considered mobile, as they are often mounted into containers or onto trailers. 

FIGURE 10.10 An Image from the surface mine truck simulation system... 

Boldt, C.M.R., and R.R. Backer. 1997. Surface mine truck haul safety-where are we In Proceedings 28th Annual Institute on Mining Health, Safety and Research. Blacksburg, VA Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 89-95. 

A dragline at Atlantic Richfield s Black Thunder strip mine in Gillette, Wyoming, loads coal into a dump truck. The coal is transported to cities around the country where it is burned to generate electricity. (Corbis-Bettmannj... 

A slope mine is one in which the coal is of moderate depth and where access is made through an inclined slope (maximum, 16°). This type of mining also may follow the coalbed if the coal seam itself is included and outcrops, or the slope may be driven in rock strata overlying the coal to reach the coal seam. Either a belt conveyor (no more than 30% grade), coal trucks (maximum grade, 18%), or electrical hoist if the slope is steep, can be used to transport coal out of the mine. 

Serious research in catalytic reduction of automotive exhaust was begun in 1949 by Eugene Houdry, who developed mufflers for fork lift trucks used in confined spaces such as mines and warehouses (18). One of the supports used was the monolith—porcelain rods covered with films of alumina, on which platinum was deposited. California enacted laws in 1959 and 1960 on air quality and motor vehicle emission standards, which would be operative when at least two devices were developed that could meet the requirements. This gave the impetus for a greater effort in automotive catalysis research (19). Catalyst developments and fleet tests involved the partnership of catalyst manufacturers and muffler manufacturers. Three of these teams were certified by the California Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Board in 1964-65 American Cyanamid and Walker, W. R. Grace and Norris-Thermador, and Universal Oil Products and Arvin. At the same time, Detroit announced that engine modifications by lean carburation and secondary air injection enabled them to meet the California standard without the use of catalysts. This then delayed the use of catalysts in automobiles. 

Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids. Populations with potentially high exposures to mineral oil hydraulic fluids include all occupations that maintain hydraulic equipment including automobile, truck, and tractor mechanics, mechanics employed by heavy industry and mining operations to repair and maintain hydraulic equipment, and other maintenance workers involved with the repair and maintenance of hydraulic systems. The number of workers with potentially high exposures to mineral oil hydraulic fluids is expected to be very large. 

What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities. Fossil fuels burned to run cars and trucks, heat homes and businesses, and power factories are responsible for about 98% of carbon dioxide emissions, 24% of methane emissions, and 18% of nitrous oxide emissions. Increased agriculture, deforestation, landfills, industrial production, and mining also contribute a significant share of emissions (5). For example, in 1997, the United States emitted about one-fifth of total global greenhouse gases. 

Some users organized a plant where the AN-FO mixture was prepared, packed into multiwall paper or polyethylene bags, and stored until moved by company trucks to the mine or quarry. 

Transport of liquid nitroglycerine from the nitroglycerine factory to another plant is not allowed in Europe. It can be transported only in mixed forms as dynamites or semi-finished mixtures ready to be used for the manufacture of mining explosives or of double base powders. Only in U.S.A. is the transport of nitroglycerine in special trucks allowed. 

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