Microarrays tumor

Tan, Y. X., Shi, L. B Tong, W. D Hwang, G. T. G., Wang, C. (2004). Multiclass tumor classification by discriminant partial least squares using microarray gene expression data and assessment of classification models. Compu. Biol. Chemis. 28(3), 235-244. 

Elek J et al. Microarray-based expression profiling in prostate tumors. In vivo 2000 14 173-182. 

Kononen J, Bubendorf L, Kallioniemi A, et al. Tissue microarrays for high-throughput molecular profiling of tumor specimens. Nat. Med. 1998 4 844-847. 

In this technique (http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue microarray), a hollow needle is used to remove tissue cores of various diameter (from as small as 0.6 4 mm) from regions of interest in paraffin-embedded tissues (clinical biopsies or tumor samples) (Figs. 13.10, 13.11). 

Moch H, Kononen J, Kallioniemi OP, Sauter G (2001) Tissue microarrays what will they bring to molecular and anatomic pathology Adv Anat Pathol 8 14 20 Moll R (1998) Cytokeratins as markers of differentiation in the diagnosis of epithelial tumors. Subcell Biochem 31 205 262... 

Tissue microarray (TMA) TMA technology permits to arrange hundreds or thousands of tissue cores (probes), such as clinical biopsies or tumor samples, on a single slide, and then to analyze by a single immuno-staining or in situ hybridization reaction. 

Wifhouf a doubf, one of fhe mosf significanf fesfimonies to fhe power of fhe microarray has been in the characterization of cancer cell lines and tumor gene expression. The National Cancer Institute s (NCI) study of cDNA... 

The Affymetrix U95A GeneChip containing 12,500 known human genes was used for this purpose. Two adjacent breast tumors from an 87-year old woman were removed and used in the study along with an additional five breast tumors obtained from different individuals. Thus, seemingly related tumors from one individual could be compared with tumors from different sources to validate the microarray-based prognosis. In addition to validation of the microarray for this purpose, the researchers examined a number of... 

Of particular inferesf was the observed strong correlation obtained between STC2 mRNA levels and its cognate protein levels. Using tissue microarrays from 216 breasf tumor samples, in situ hybridization with a probe to STC2 mRNA was performed wifh 75 tumors and showed positive staining 83% of fhe mRNA-positive tumors identified for STC2 protein by... 

Pinheiro, N.A., Caballero, O.L., Soares, R, Reis, L.F.L., and Simpson, A.J.G., Significant overexpression of oligophrenin-1 in colorectal tumors detected by cDNA microarray analysis. Cancer Lett., 172, 67-73, 2001. 

To further assess the clinical relevance of a particular cancer target it may be necessary to determine the association of the target protein levels, its localization, and/or its activity with a specific cancer type, stage, or prognosis. This will often require the generation and, most importantly, validation of robust antibodies for immunohistochemistry (IHC) to be used on tissue microarrays (TMAs) encompassing the relevant tumor types and, ideally, matched normal samples. 

Scientists have developed a DNA microarray test that predicts whether a woman with a certain type of breast cancer will have the cancer recur after the tumor is removed. This helps physicians and... 

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