Methacrylic acid polymer with divinylbenzene

Synonyms Amberlite IRP-64 methacrylic acid polymer with divinylbenzene 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid polymer with divinylbenzene. 

Copolymer latexes of styrene, acrylic acid (AA) or methacrylic acid (MA), and divinylbenzene were prepared by emulsion polymerization using sodium dodecylsulfate as the surfactant and K2S20g/NaHS03 as a redox initiator (eq. 2). 3 24 Cross-linking with divinylbenzene insured that the polymer was insoluble during all subsequent experiments. 

The most widely used polymer monoliths are poly(styrene-co-divinylben-zene)-based monoliths and moderately polar monoliths based on methacrylic acid esters. While the first ones are strongly hydrophobic materials prepared by polymerization of styrene and its derivatives with divinylbenzene as the cross-linking agent [323,324], methacrylate-based monoliths are synthesized by polymerization of butyl methacrylate or other methacrylic acid esters with ethylene dimethacrylate as the cross-linking agent [325,326]. These types of monolithic media in capillary format are the main focus of a very detailed review by Urban and Jandera [327]. 

Third Monomers. In order to achieve certain property improvements, nitrile mbber producers add a third monomer to the emulsion polymerization process. When methacrylic acid is added to the polymer stmcture, a carboxylated nitrile mbber with greatly enhanced abrasion properties is achieved (9). Carboxylated nitrile mbber carries the ASTM designation of XNBR. Cross-linking monomers, eg, divinylbenzene or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, produce precross-linked mbbers with low nerve and die swell. To avoid extraction losses of antioxidant as a result of contact with fluids duriag service, grades of NBR are available that have utilized a special third monomer that contains an antioxidant moiety (10). FiaaHy, terpolymers prepared from 1,3-butadiene, acrylonitrile, and isoprene are also commercially available. 

Gregor et al66 reported the Cu-complex formation of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) resins crosslinked with 1% or 9% divinylbenzene. The formation constants of the Cu complexes with the resins were smaller than that of noncrosslinked PMA. The stepwise formation constants decreased from Ki to KA in the resin system, which was the opposite of the noncrosslinked PMA system. The rigidity of the polymer-ligand chain was considered to hinder chelate formation. Formation constants of the PMA resin were also reported by Gustafson era/.67. The formation constant of the noncrosslinked PMA decreased for various metal ions ... 

Ethylbenzene is not the only monomer that can be cross-linked with divinylbenzene to get a cross-linked polymer. By using the addition polymerization process, if methyl propionic acid (see Figure 7.20) and divinylbenzene are cross-linked, it is possible to obtain methacrylic divinylbenzene, a weakly acidic cationic resin (Figure 7.21) [118]. 

Although original water samples can apply for some techniques, the isolation procedure is essential for better HS characterization with most analytical techniques. The traditional HS isolation method probably is XAD adsorption, which has been widely used for decades in the HS isolation from waters, soils, and organisms. This method can not only isolate HS, but also further separate HS into two fractions (humic acid and fulvic acid). Detailed isolation procedures have been reviewed in previous articles.XAD resins are styrene-divinylbenzene or methyl methacrylate polymer with various hydrophobicities and cross linkages. The resins adsorb dissolved organic matter mainly by hydrophobic binding or weak interactions such as Van Der Waals force, but the exact mechanism of adsorption is still unknown. 

B. N. Kolarz, Ion Exchangers XIX. Some Properties of the Carboxylic Cation Exchangers Obtained by Intermesh Polymerization of Methacrylic Acid into Styrene and Divinylbenzene Porous Copolymers, /. Polym. Sci. 47C, 197 (1974). PS/PMA IPNs. Both polymers crosslinked with DVB. Effect of porosity of network I. Effect of crosslink density of network I. Ion exchange properties. 

Some of the earliest work on the chemical inclusion of organotin into polymers was by Russian scientists in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Kochkin et al. in 1959 synthesized niethylstannic methacrylate and made homopolymers and copolymers of it through reaction with acrylonibUe, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, styrene, divinylbenzene, pentaerythritol ester, methacrylic acid, and cyclopendiene. The organotin ester was made from reaction of dialkyl or diaryl stannic oxide with the respective acids, 13. ... 

Polymer latex nanoparticles can be prepared in many materials such as polystyrene and acrylate with controllable size, through radical-initiated polymerization in heterogeneous media (Figure 14.2). The sizes of latex nanoparticles are very dependent on the polymerization conditions. To yield nanosized particles, the polymerization is usually carried out in miaoemulsions [34], For some applications, two or more monomers are used. For example, for polystyrene nanoparticles, divinylbenzene (DVB) is used as a cross-linker to improve the structural performance [35] and methacrylic acid (MAA) or methacrylate (MMA) is used as a co-monomer to provide the nanoparticles with desirable surface chemistry [36,37], Furthermore, some fluorochromes or magnetic materials are incorporated into polymer nanoparticles, to render the particles multifunctional [38,39],... 

Preparation of the coordinating polymers. Polymers containing the carboxyl group can be prepared by radical polymerization and copolymerization, primarily with styrene or divinylbenzene and unsaturated monomers, e.g., acrylic acid, acrylates and methacrylates. 

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