Metal fulminates sodium fulminate

See Silver 3-methylisoxazolin-4,5-dione-4-oximate Sodium 3 -methylisoxazolin-4,5 -dione-4-oximate Sodium 3 -phenylisoxazolin-4,5 -dione-4-oximate metal fulminates See other A-OXIDES... 

The metal fulminates are all powerfully explosive. Of several salts examined, those of cadmium, copper and silver were more powerful detonators than mercury fulminate, while thallium fulminate was much more sensitive to heating and impact. Formally related salts are also explosive [1]. Sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium fulminates are all easily detonated by feeble friction or heat. They all form double salts with mercury(II) fulminate which also explode readily, that of the rubidium salt at 45 °C [2],... 

The only directly accessible metal fulminates are those of mercury(II) and silver(I), very dangerously exposive solids obtained by the action of nitric acid and ethanol on the metals or their salts. Most modern preparations of fulminato complexes involve the conversion of a known amount of mercury fulminate into aqueous sodium fulminate by the action of sodium amalgam and ice-cold water the sodium fulminate solution is then allowed to react with the appropriate amount of a transition metal salt, and the resulting complex fulminato ion is precipitated as the salt of a large cation, most frequently Ph4As+ or R4N+ these are not explosive,4,35 Alkali and alkaline earth metal salts containing complex fulminato anions may be isolated from aqueous solutions, but they are reported to be as exposive as the binary silver and mercury fulminates, and are therefore usually avoided. 

Even sodium fulminate detonates when touched lightly with a glass rod. See other METAL fulminates... 

Any commercial application of sodium or other alkali-metal fulminates is unknown. They are formed by the reactions of alkali-metal salts with nitric acid and ethanol. Sodium fulminate is highly sensitive to shock and heat. It explodes when warmed or lightly touched with a spatula or a glass rod. It forms a double salt with mercuric fulminate, which is unstable and explodes readily. 

Fulminates —C=N O Metal fuminates Mercury fulminate sodium fulminate... 

The preparation of alkaline fulminates and fulminates of alkaline earth metals was not successful for a long time. The reaction of MF or SF with relevant salts was not successful due to the formation of double salts. The first successful preparation of sodium fulminate was published by Carstanjen and Ehrenberg only in 1882 about 80 years after the discovery of MF [15, 113]. 

The (fulminato)metal complexes are prepared from aqueous sodium fulminate solutions and transition metal salts followed by addition of tetraphenylarsonium chloride [8]. The aqueous solutions of sodium fulminate can be directly prepared from MF and sodium amalgam in water [8]. 

Metallic fulminates (except mercury and silver) have never been practically used as explosives due to the difficulties with their preparation and generally low physical and chemical stability. However, the sodium salt can be used for many applications in organic chemistry. This salt is more suitable for this applicaticm than the more easily accessible mercury or silver salts due to their tendency to form complexes in solutions. For example, the sodium salt is useable in the preparation of free fulminic acid by acidification of its solution with dilute sulfuric acid [2]. 

Attempts to follow a published procedure for the preparation of 1,3 -dithiole-2-thione-4,5-dithiolate salts [1], involving reductive coupling of carbon disulfide with alkali metals, have led to violent explosions with potassium metal, but not with sodium [2], However, mixtures of carbon disulfide with potassium-sodium alloy, potassium, sodium, or lithium are capable of detonation by shock, though not by heating. The explosive power decreases in the order given above, and the first mixture is more shock-sensitive than mercury fulminate [3],... 

In the Journal de physique for 1779 the apothecary, Bayen, described a fulminating mercurial preparation of another kind. Thirty parts of precipitated, yellow oxide of mercury, washed and dried, was mixed with 4 or 5 parts of sulfur the mixture exploded with violence when struck with a heavy hammer or when heated on an iron plate. Other mixtures which react explosively when initiated by percussion have been studied more recently,2 metallic sodium or potassium in contact with the oxide or the chloride of silver or of mercury or in contact with chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. 

CHAPTER 4 THE PREPARATION OF METAL AZIDES, FULMINATES, AND NITRIDES room temperature for 24 hours. Thereafter, slowly heat the mixture to about 80 Celsius with rapid stirring, and then carefully add 120 grams of 95% ethanol while stirring the reaction mixture. After the addition of the alcohol, remove the heat source, and allow the reaction mixture to cool to room temperature. Afterwards, rapidly filter-off the precipitated copper fulminate, wash with several hundred milliliters of cold water, and then dry in a desiccator filled with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Should be stored in a desiccator over sodium sulfate in a refrigerator. 

MERCURY(n) NITRATE (10045-94-0, anhydrous 7783-34-8, monohydrate) Hg(N03)2 H,0 Noncombustible solid. Light sensitive. A powerful oxidizer accelerates the burning of combustible materials. Violent reaction, or may form explosive materials, with reducing agents, including hydrides, nitrides, phosphorus, stannous chloride, and sulfides alkyl esters (forms explosive alkyl nitrates) combustible materials (especially if finely divided), phosphinic acid, hypophosphoric acid, metal powders petroleiun hydrocarbons. Forms heat- and/or shock-sensitive compounds with acetylene (forms explosive mercmy acetylide), ethanol and other alcohols (may form explosive mercury fulminates), ferrocene, isobutene, phosphine gas (forms heat- and shock-sensitive precipitate) potassiiun cyanide, sulfur. Incompatible with strong acids, acetic anhydride, ammonia, ammonium hexacyanofenate(II), organic azides, citric acid, hydrazinium perchlorate, isopropyl chlorocarbonate, nitrosyl perchlorate, sodium thiosulfate, sulfamic acid, thiocyanates, hydrozoic acid, methyl isocyanoacetate, sodium peroxyborate, trinitrobenzoic acid, urea nitrate. Aqueous solution corrodes metals. 

ACIDE SULFHYDRIQUE (French) (7783-06-4) A highly flammable and reactive gas. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, metal oxides, metal dusts and powders, bromine penta-fluoride, chlorine trifluoride, chromium trioxide, chromyl chloride, dichlorine oxide, nitrogen trichloride, nitryl hypofluorite, oxygen difluoride, perchloryl fluoride, phospham, phosphorus persulfide, silver fulminate, soda-lime, sodium peroxide. Incompatible with acetaldehyde, chlorine monoxide, chromic acid, chromic anhydride, copper, nitric acid, phenyldiazonium-chloride, sodium. Forms explosive material with benzenediazonium salts. Flow or agitation of substance may generate electrostatic charges due to low conductivity. Attacks many metals. 

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