Medium Lethal Dose

The introduction into a molecule of bispyridine monoximes HI-6 and HS-6 of a carbamyl group (especially in 4 position) lowers their toxicity 2.5 to 5 times as compared with the basic compound HS-14 [82]. Medium-lethal doses (DL50) of the most active H-oximes differ insignificantly and range from 495 to 653 mg/ kg-... 

Kanat, O., A. Ozet, and S. Ataergin. 2006. Aloe pera-induced acute toxic hepatitis in a healthy young man. Eur. J. Intern. Med. 17(8) 589. Lagarto Parra, A., R. Silva Yhebra, 1. Guerra Sardinas, and L. Iglesias Buela. 2001. Gomparative study of the assay of Artemia salina L. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (LD50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. Phytomedicine 8(5) 395-400. 

Chemicals are classified on the basis of the medium lethal dose (LD50) value, defined as the statistically derived single dose of a substance that can be expected to cause death in 50% of the animals in an experimental group . The LD50 test procedure has been modified in various ways to reduce the number of animals required, and to reduce the suffering caused to any animal used (Balls and Eentem, 1993). This modification to the classical LD50 test includes ... 

Human cells are killed by 10 7 ouabain, but mouse cells are relatively resistant in that 10 3M is a lethal dose. Mouse human hybrids show intermediate sensitivity and hence HAT medium containing 10 7M ouabain can be used to select for hybrids between any human cell and TK or HPRT mouse cells. This enables primarily human cells and other non-selected strains to be used in fusion experiments (Mayhew, 1972 Thompson and Baker, 1973). 

Anti-glycating effects. It was shown in 1990 that camosine (50-100 mg/kg body weight) increases survival of rodents when it was administered to animals before sub-lethal dose of y-irradiation [5]. Kurella et al. [58] have found that under these conditions viability of haemopoietic stem cells is significantly increased and their colony forming activity is activated as well. These phenomena can be addressed to anti-radical protection of biomacromolecules by camosine, however camosine was additionally found to protect nuclear DNA from oxidative modification induced by hyperoxia, to preserve its native stmcture and to synchronize cell cycle in vitro [59]. Its addition to the medium where fibroblasts were cultivated increased the longevity of cell life and reversed the senescence features of the cells [60]. Moreover, camosine was demonstrated to increase stability of... 

Some general models for other endpoints have been developed. Devillers et al. [76] addressed the acute toxicity of pesticides on honey bee, achieving good results with one hundred pesticides. Some studies exist that use classifiers. Pintore et al. [77] developed a model to classify pesticides, in general, with the lethal dose toward rat. Classifiers are more typical in toxicity studies, and genotoxicity in particular. Use of a classifier can be a simpler approach compared to regression models, since the prediction does not need to be as precise when only prediction of a toxicity class (e.g., high, medium, low) is involved,... 

Eethal concentration Median lethal dose Eow-density polyethylene Einear low-density polyethylene Maleic anhydride Methacrylic acid Methyl acrylate Methyl acrylate Methacrylonitrile Modified atmosphere packaging Methyl butyl ketone 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole 4,4 -Methylene dianiline Medium density fibreboard Magnesium hydroxide Methylene diisocyanate Medium density PE Monoethylhexyl phthalate Methylethyl ketone Melamine-formaldehyde Methyl isoamyl ketone... 

In contrast to hydrolytic cleavage in a neutral medium, acid hydrolysis of 1-organoxysilatranes is described by a kinetic equation of the second order. The hydrolysis was studied in diluted aqueous solutions at 25 °C in the presence of HCl and KQ. No salting effect was manifest at KCl concentrations from 0.05 to 0.25 mol/L. The hydrolytic rate constants (k) obtained, their mean square deviations, o or values and average lethal doses (LD50) of 1-aroxysilatranes are presented in Table 1. Quantitative evaluation of k as a function of the nature of the substituent was carried out in a similar way by applying the Taft equation. 

Fatalities. Extract of the roasted seed, administered rectally to a 37-year-old woman with breast cancer after radical mastectomy and chemotherapy at a dose of 0.95 L/person four times daily, was active. Death was attributed to fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Sodium and chloride could not be detected. Extract of the roasted seed, administered rectally to a 46-year-old woman at a dose of 10-12 coffee enemas, three to four an hour, produced convulsive seizures and eventually death Decoction of the dark-roasted seed, on agar plate, was active on Staphylococcus aureus, with lethal doscjo of 16 mg/mL. Concentrations of 23, 35, and 40 mg/mL, were active on Escherichia coli. Decoction of the medium-roasted seed at concentrations of 29, 41, 50, and 52 mg/mL, were active on Escherichia coli. Decoction of the light-roasted seed at concentrations of 40, 46, 50, and 57 mg/mL, were active on Escherichia coli. Decoction of the roasted seed, on agar plate at concentrations of 28... 

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